男女大学生体力活动及行为学特征的比较研究  

Study on comparison of physical activity and behavior characteristics between male and female collegestudents

作　　者：马申[1] 王白山[1] 杨欣海[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江水利水电专科学校体育与军训部,杭州310018

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2011年第4期351-353,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：基金项目：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题（NX04JY01）;浙江省教育科学2010年度规划课题（SCG-218）;浙江省教育科学2011年度规划课题（SCG-254）

摘　　要：目的 比较男女大学生体力活动、自我效能、阶段变化及锻炼行为之间的差异.方法 利用国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）、自我效能量表、体育锻炼行为阶段状况调查表、自编体育锻炼行为量表,对浙江省部分高校男女大学生进行调查研究.结果 高活动组男生人数比率为40.43%,明显高于女生的26.09%,男女大学生1周体力活动消耗的能量[分别为（3462.79±976.31）MET和（3118.63±944.29）MET],两者之间差异显著（P＜0.05）.男生处在行动期和持续期的人数比率为44.68%,明显高于女生的25.00%;男女大学生各个阶段呈现明显的体力活动特征（F=31.380、F=6.012,P＜0.01）.男女大学生行为得分呈现明显的阶段变化特征（F=13.071、F=7.461,P＜0.01）.男大学生的态度、认知控制、行为意向、自我效能4个因子进入了MET的回归方程,且β系数达到显著水平（t=2.138～3.789,P＜0.05）,而女大学生只有行为态度因子进入了MET回归方程.结论 大学生在体力活动、阶段变化、行为特征及自我效能上性别差异明显.Objective To compare the differences in physical activity （PA）, self-efficacy, stages of change and physical exercise behaviour in college students. Methods International physical activivty questionnaire（ IPAQ）, scales of self-efficacy, questionnaire of stage of change in physical exercise behaviour, and scales of physical behaviour were used to make a study on college students from Zhejiang province. Results The rate of males （40.43%） was signficant higher than that of females （26.09%） MET in the high activity tertile. There was significantly more energy expenditure in males （（ 3462.79 ± 976.31 ） MET） than in females （（ 3118.63 ±944.29 ） MET） （P 〈 0.05 ）. The rate of males （44.68 % ） was more than females （25.00%） in maintainanee period and period of action. PA characteristics were shown significant defferences in different stages （F= 31. 380, F=6.012, P 〈 0.01 ）. Characteristics in stages of change were shown high in behaviour score （F= 13.071, F= 7. 461,P 〈0. 01 ）. Four factors as attitude,cognitive controls, behavior disposition and self-efficacy in males were entered into regression model of MET（ t = 2.138 ～ 3. 789, P 〈 0.05 ）, while in females only the factor of behaviour attitude was entered. Conclusion There is significant difference in PA, stages of change, behaviour characteristics, and self-efficacy between male and female college students.

关 键 词：男女大学生 体力活动 行为学 比较研究 

分 类 号：G807.4[文化科学—体育训练]