大学生自杀意念影响因素的结构方程模型分析  

Analysis on the influencing factors of suicide ideation among college students ： a structural equation modelstudy

作　　者：赵国香[1] 荆春霞[1] 王声湧[1] 陈青山[1] 刘国宁[2] 付芹芹[1] 陆秦[1] 杨光[3] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院流行病教研室,广州510632 [2]暨南大学医学院公共卫生教研室,广州510632 [3]暨南大学医学院寄生虫学系,广州510632

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2011年第4期357-359,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：基金项目：广州市医药卫生科技重大项目（2007-ZDa-04）;广东省科技计划项目（20098070300052）;暨南大学科研培育与创新基金项目（21609707）

摘　　要：目的 基于结构方程模型分析大学生自杀意念影响因素的直接作用和间接作用.方法 采用青少年生活事件量表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表、自杀态度问卷和Beck抑郁自评问卷调查1505名大学生.采用Bollen-Stine法估计参数,通过评价修正来确定最佳结构方程模型.结果 大学生自杀意念的年发生率为6.76%;模型的3大主要指标（x2/df=2.23,GFI=0.982,RMSEA=0.029）均达到标准,模型拟合效果较好.抑郁对自杀意念起直接作用;消极应对、社会支持、积极应对和自杀态度起间接作用;而负性生活事件既可以起直接作用,也可以间接影响自杀意念.危险因素排序：抑郁（41.08%）＞负性生活事件（35.35%）＞消极应对（6.05%）;保护因素排序：社会支持（11.94%）＞积极应对（4.94%）＞自杀态度（0.63%）.结论 抑郁对大学生自杀意念的影响最大,且直接影响自杀意念的产生,因此在预防大学生自杀时,更应注重大学生的心理健康,同时大学生要学会从身边的同学、亲人、朋友及老师获得支持.Objective To analyze the direct and indirect effects of influencing factors on suicide ideation among college students based on the structural equation model. Methods 1505 college students were investigated with ASLEC, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, SSRS, QSA and BDI. Results Incidence rate of college students＇ suicidal ideations during the past year was 6.67%. The goodness of fit for the structural equation model was satisfactory and 3 major indices（ x2/df = 2.23, GFI = 0. 982, RMSEA = 0. 029 ） had met corresponding requirements. The depression was directly influencing factor on suicide ideation, while four factors including passive coping style, social support, positive coping style and suicide attitude, had indirect impacts. Negative life event not only directly affected suicide ideation, but also had indirect effects. According to the percentages of their contribution, the risk factors were ranked as follows：depression （41.08%）, negativity life event （35.35%） and passive coping style （6.05%）. Similarly, the top protective factor was： social support （ 11.94% ）, followed by positive coping style （4.94%） and suicide attitude （0.63%）. Conclusion Depression is an important risk factor of suicide,and has a direct impact. So, not only strengthen the mental health of college students, but also train students to face up the difficulties with a positive style, and make the college students get social supports sufficiently.

关 键 词：自杀意念 大学生 结构方程模型 影响因素 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]