九寨沟自然保护区景观变化与保护  

The Changes of Landscape and the Adaptive Management Strategies at Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve in Sichuan,China

作　　者：邓贵平[1,2] 颜磊[3] 章小平 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610059 [2]九寨沟国家级风景名胜区管理局,四川阿坝623402 [3]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871

出　　处：《山地学报》2011年第2期173-182,共10页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(71020107027)~~

摘　　要：立足于景观尺度,基于RS和GIS技术及景观生态学原理,使用巢式分析法研究了1975—2007年九寨沟自然保护区景观变化,包括景观格局、景观过程,讨论了景观变化的驱动因素。结果表明:1.最近30多年来,九寨沟自然保护区及外围圈层各类景观都发生了不同程度的变化:自保护区建立以来,林地、水域分别净增899.56 hm2、7.06 hm2,疏林/灌丛、草地分别减少440.52 hm2、970.60 hm2,耕地已全部实现退耕;而同期外围2个圈层的林地却分别减少9 012.23 hm2、25 975.28 hm2,水域减少16.89 hm2、0.83 hm2,建设用地增加376.58 hm2、1 340.35 hm2,草地增加4 883.18 hm2、56 462.11 hm2。在景观水平上,保护区破碎化程度最低,而多样性程度最高,但在类型水平上,保护区2007年的林地却仍然比1975年破碎。2.各种宏观政策,包括保护政策、旅游发展及其所引发的人类活动是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层林地、建设用地、耕地景观变化的驱动因素,而自然地理过程是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层冰雪/裸岩、水域景观变化的驱动因素。针对景观变化和未来面临的挑战提出了保护建议。Based on the landscape scale,RS,GIS technology and the principle of landscape ecology,this study made advantage of the nested analysis method to examine the land use/cover（landscape） changes of Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve during 1975 to 2007,including landscape pattern,landscape process,and discussed the driving factors of the change.The results showed that：1.The Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve and its periphery landscape have taken place in various levels during 33 years： After the establishment of Nature Reserve,the area of forest and water has a net increase of 899.56 hm2,7.06 hm2 specifically.The area of bush and grassland decreased 440.52 hm2,970.60 hm2 specifically.Cultivated land has been returned to forest entirely.However,during the same period in the neighboring two circles outside,the forest area has decreased 9 012.23 hm2,25 975.28 hm2;the water area decreased 16.89 hm2,0.83 hm2;the built-up area increased 376.58 hm2,1 340.35 hm2;the area of grassland increased 4 883.18 hm2,56 462.11 hm2.The Nature Reserve has the lowest degree of fragment and the highest of diversity.However,as scale of types is considered,the forest of Nature Reserve in 2007 is still more fragmented than in 1975.2.A variety of macro policies,including protection policy,tourism development and human activity are the drivers of forest land,built-up area,cultivated landscape change in the Nature Reserve and its peripheral area.Natural geographic process caused the ice and snow / bare rock,the water area change in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve and its peripheral area.In the end,the authors presented some proposals to respond the landscape change and new challenges in future.

关 键 词：自然保护区 景观 巢式分析 九寨沟 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] P942