固溶工艺对6061铝合金硬质阳极氧化膜层质量的影响  

Effect of Solid Solution Treatment on Hard Anodic Quality Oxidation Film on Aluminum Alloy 6061

作　　者：江涛[1] 沈健[1] 闫晓东[1] 李俊鹏[1] 杨银[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院加工事业部,北京100088

出　　处：《稀有金属》2011年第2期184-188,共5页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：北京市重点科技计划项目(D08080300520801)资助

摘　　要：采用显微硬度测试、金相和扫描电子显微分析,研究了固溶工艺对6061硬质阳极氧化膜层厚度、硬度、均匀性、致密度的影响。结果表明:阳极氧化膜因内外表面受到电解液的腐蚀程度不同而表现为氧化膜的硬度自膜层表面到基体逐渐升高。固溶工艺的改变对阳极氧化膜的厚度均匀性无显著影响,氧化膜自身的成分结构决定了其膜层厚度的均匀性。试样在530℃×3 h下采用水冷的方式所获得的硬质氧化膜与基体结合平整,不存在针孔、疏松等缺陷,表面无孔残蚀现象。提高固溶温度,虽然能使强化相Mg2Si、第二相质点等全部回溶到基体里,但因形成粗晶组织,使晶粒度极为不均匀。在而后的阳极氧化过程中造成氧化膜的成长速度不一致,生长快的氧化膜和生长慢的氧化膜之间存在一定的内应力,这种内应力在一定条件下转化为微裂纹,因而使得氧化膜层质量下降,硬度降低。The influence of solid solution treatment on the thickness,hardness,uniformity and densification of hard anodic oxidation film for aluminum alloy 6061 was investigated by hardness tests,optical microscopy and electron microscopy.The results showed that the hardness of oxide films increased from the surface to the substrate,because electrolyte corrosion between the internal and external surfaces was different.The change of heat treatment had no obvious effect on the uniformity of thickness,which was detected by the composition structure of the films.The films which had a good compatibility with substrate,no pinhole and loose defect,and no any pitting on surface was grained on condition that the sample was treated at 530℃ for 3h,then quenched with water.Although the strengthening phase Mg2Si and the second particle could dissolve totally after improving solution temperature,the grain size was uneven extremely because of the coarse grain.Then it caused that the growth rate of oxide film was inconsistent in the anodic oxidation process.The microcracks deformed from internal stress which existed in the place between the fast-growing oxide film and the slow-growing oxide film,made the quality and hardness of the oxidation film decrease.

关 键 词：6061铝合金 固溶 致密度 硬质阳极氧化 

分 类 号：TB304[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]