矿山生态系统物能流核算  

MEFA in mine ecosystem

作　　者：金丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学管理学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2011年第4期711-712,共2页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50574095);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目(IRT0865);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(B07028)

摘　　要：以社会-经济代谢为理论基础、MEFA模型为物能流核算框架、能值理论与方法为核算工具,以进入矿山生态-经济-社会复合系统的各子系统物能流历史数据为基础,研究矿山生态系统能学过程,考察矿山特定生命周期阶段主要年份的代谢机制。选择我国东部矿区中煤集团大屯公司姚桥煤矿和兖州煤业股份有限公司济宁三号煤矿开展矿山生态系统实证研究。通过区域和矿山生态系统的能值评估,从系统运行、污染物排放以及与土地利用之间的关系三个方面开展系统能值流分析。实现了以统一的标准分析社会-经济系统与生态系统之间的相互联系,解决了多学科综合评价的指标难以兼容的难题。以量化的数据说明了环境资源对经济发展的贡献以及采矿活动对环境和人类的影响,评价了经济社会与生态环境相互作用的可持续性。对矿山生态系统所在区域复合系统进行能值评估,以实例详细介绍能值理论和评估方法,通过分析能值指标的变化轨迹评价区域生态经济系统的发展状况,为矿山生态系统能值评估提供区域能值指标。其中全社会电力能值使用量比例、总电力能值使用量比例之间逐渐扩大的差距体现了徐州延长煤炭产业链开发电力能源的发展策略。依据能路语言符号,绘制矿山生态系统物能流概略图,极大地辅助了繁复的能值评估过程,建立了一套矿山生态系统能值评价指标体系。能值指标分析表明:2000年后的矿山生态系统物能流综合利用效率较2000年前大幅提高,近5 a姚桥煤矿对环境资源和经济反馈的综合利用效率优于济三煤矿,但济三煤矿对经济反馈资源的利用效率是姚桥煤矿的3倍,万吨产量姚桥煤矿生产活动的经济反馈成本高;环境资源投入在系统总能值投入中占95%左右,其中几乎全部由煤层能值贡献,人类只需要投入数量级为10-7 J能量就能获得1 sej(�Based on the theory of socio-economic metabolism and the framework of MEFA,emergy theroy and methodology was employed in this dissertation.By tracking the material and energy flows in each subsystem,the energetica process and metabolic mechanism of mine ecosystem on specific life cycle stage were investigated.Yaoqiao Mine of Datun Coal Group and Jisan Mine of Yanzhou Coal Mining Company Ltd.were selected as the mine ecosystems of empirical research.Both of them are located in the eastern mining area China. With the emergy evaluation of region and the two mine ecosystems,the quantitative relationship of various emergy flows was analysed from system process,pollutants emission,and the interaction with land use.In units of solar emjoule,the linkages between the social-economic system and the ecological systems were connected on a uniform standard.Then,the problem of difficult to compatible with each indicator among multi-disciplinary evaluation was solved.The dissertation also quantified the contribution of environmental resources and negative impact of mining activities based on emergy evaluation. Through the regional emergy evaluation of Xuzhou,where Yaoqiao Mine located in,the emergy theory and evaluation methods were introduced in details.The values of a series of emergy indicators were used for assessing the dynamic changes of regional development trajectories.Some main emergy indices were provided for mine ecosystem emergy evaluation and for comparative analysis between mining and other industry in the region. Different types of material and energy flows during mine ecosystem metabolic process were integrated in summary diagram with energy circuit language.Then,the solar emergy transformity of each flows was required to transform the original units into the uints of sej.All material and energy flows were quantified in the same uints,i.e.,they are converted into emergy flows.Based on the emergy flows of mine ecosystem,a set of emergy index was established by combining the environmental resouces input,economic s

关 键 词：物能流 能值 社会-经济代谢 土地利用/覆被变化 矿山生态系统 

分 类 号：TD7[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]