自愿戒毒和劳教戒毒后复发因素的调查分析  

RELAPSE FACTORS AMONG DRUG ABUSERS AFTER VOLUNTARY DRUGTREATMENT AND REHABILITATION THROUGH LABOR

作　　者：周才春 邓菊萍 李卫平 鲍彦平[2] 李扬[3] 夏子生 郭侃 李晓东 

机构地区：[1]广东省珠海金鼎自愿戒毒中心,广东519085 [2]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所,北京100191 [3]上海复旦大学社会心理系,上海200443

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2011年第2期131-135,144,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

摘　　要：目的:对自愿戒毒与劳动教养戒毒两种戒毒模式中海洛因成瘾者戒毒后复发因素进行调查分析,探讨戒毒防复发的策略与方法。方法:使用31项《阿片类物质依赖复发情况问卷》,对自愿和劳教戒毒患者两组人群进行复发因素的量表测评和问卷式调查。对其"躯体生理因素、心理因素、药物成瘾性因素和社会环境因素"4个因子结果,以及社会支持量表和抑郁症自评量表等结果进行统计学分析和比较。结果:影响海洛因成瘾戒毒复发的最主要的影响因素依次是"精神心理因素、社会环境因素、躯体生理因素和药物成瘾因素"。劳教戒毒组中"精神心理因素"和"社会环境因素"更加突出。结论:造成海洛因成瘾戒毒后复发的因素是多方面的,劳教戒毒较自愿戒毒的复发因素更为复杂,提示:海洛因成瘾者在接受药物治疗的同时,更要注重心理治疗和回归社会后帮教措施的落实。Objective： To investigate the related factors of relapse among opiate dependent patients after detoxification treatment in two treatment system： voluntary and rehabilitation through labor,and to explore the strategies and methods for relapse prevention.Methods：An investigation was conducted with a self-designed 31（Questionnaire on Relapse for Opiate Addicts） among heroin dependent patients doing voluntary or rehabilitation through labor treatment in Guangdong.The four factors including body physical factor,psychological factor,pharmacological factor and social factor were analyzed,and the scales of the social support and self-rating depression were compared between the patients treated in the two systems.Results：Among the patients in both treatment systems,the psychological factors were the most important factor causing re;apse,followed by social factor,physical factor and pharmacological factor.The psychological and social factors were more prominent among the patients doing rehabilitation through labor.Conclusion：Multiple factors can cause replpse and relapse factors are more complicated in patients undertaking rehabilitation through labor.Help and education measures of psychological treatment and returning to society should be implemented to heroin dependent patients during and after the period of medical treatment.

关 键 词：海洛因依赖 复发因素 自愿戒毒 劳教戒毒 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]