渭北旱区夏闲期豆科绿肥对土壤肥力性状的影响  

Effect of green manure on soil fertility properties in summer fallow period in Weibei dryland

作　　者：赵娜[1] 赵护兵[1] 曹群虎[2] 鱼昌为[2] 孙蔚[1] 李敏[1] 曹卫东[3] 高亚军[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省长武县农业技术推广中心,陕西长武713600 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [4]农业部黄土高原农业资源与环境修复重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第2期124-128,146,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005;200803029);教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"项目(NCET-08-0465);西北农林科技大学"创新团队建设计划"项目;现代农业产业技术体系建设专项

摘　　要：通过长武县田间试验,研究渭北旱塬地区夏闲期种植并翻压大豆、长武怀豆和绿豆等短期豆科绿肥对土壤肥力和其它理化性状的影响。结果表明:长武怀豆和绿豆的生物量显著高于大豆;长武怀豆植株氮和钾的还田量均最高,大豆的最低;绿豆磷的还田量最高,大豆最低;长武怀豆的根瘤丰富,含氮量显著高于大豆和绿豆。与夏季休闲处理相比,种植并翻压绿肥可显著提高土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量。种植并翻压绿肥4周后并没有对耕层土壤CEC产生显著影响,而土壤pH有高于休闲处理的趋势,表层土壤容重有降低趋势;到小麦收获后,各处理土壤pH无显著差异。种植绿肥消耗了较多的土壤水分,直到小麦收获时,种植绿肥处理的土壤贮水量仍低于休闲处理。三种绿肥处理之间土壤性质并没有显著差异。夏闲期种植和翻压豆科绿肥是旱地培肥土壤的有效途径。An experiment was carried out in Weibei area to investigate the effect of leguminous green manure plants（soybean,Huai bean and mungbean） on soil fertility and other properties in summer fallow period.The results showed that Huai bean and mungbean had greater biomass than soybean.Huai bean contributed the most nitrogen and potassium by incoporation into soil while soybean contributed the least.Mungbean contributed the most phosphorous to soil while soybean contributed the least.Huai bean had greater root nodules and significant higher nitrogen content than mungbean and soybean.Compared to keeping summer fallow,planting and incorporating green manure plants into soil improved the content of soil organic matter,total N and available K.No remarkable differences of CEC was found between green manure treatments and summer fallow after 4 weeks of incoporation.However,the trend was showed that green manures increased soil pH and decreased soil bulk density.There was no differences of soil pH among treatments after winter wheat harvest.Green manure plants consumed much soil water during growth period.After wheat harvest,soil water storage in 0～200 cm layer with green manure treatments was still lower than that with summer fallow treatment.No significant differences of soil properties were found among three green manure treatments.Planting and incorporating leguminous green manure plants into soil in summer fallow period is an effective way to improve soil fertility in dryland.

关 键 词：旱地 豆科绿肥 土壤肥力 理化性状 

分 类 号：S344.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]