表面分散剂对电化学制备纳米铜粉的影响  

Effect of surface dispersants on nano-copper powders prepared by electrochemical method

作　　者：徐建林[1,2] 陈纪东 王智平[1,2] 冉奋[1,2] 杨树华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学甘肃省有色金属新材料省部共建国家重点实验室,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学有色金属合金及加工教育部重点实验室,兰州730050 [3]绍兴市质量技术监督检测院,浙江绍兴312017

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2011年第1期116-120,共5页Materials Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省有色金属新材料省部共建国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKL08014)

摘　　要：为探讨表面分散剂对电化学制备铜粉的影响,以十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温20、吐温40和吐温80单独或复配作为表面分散剂,采用电化学法制备出不同形状、不同尺寸的纳米铜粉.利用XRD、TEM及FT-IR等手段对所制备的纳米铜粉的物相、形貌及粒径大小进行了分析.研究结果表明:不同的表面分散剂对采用电化学所制备的纳米铜粉的作用是不同的;十二烷基硫酸钠以双电层静电吸引机制和空间位阻效应防止纳米铜粉的氧化;吐温系列以强的空间位阻防止铜粉的团聚,其中以吐温80效果最佳;单一的表面分散剂均无法制备出无氧化、无团聚的纳米铜粉;将十二烷基硫酸钠和吐温80复配做为表面分散剂使用时,十二烷基硫酸钠的双电层静电吸引机制和吐温80强的空间位阻效应有效地防止纳米铜粉的氧化与团聚,可制备出20～50 nm、粒径均匀的纳米铜粉.To research the effect of surface dispersants on nano-copper powders,taking sodium dodecyl sulfate,Tween20,Tween40,Tween80 and their composites as surface dispersants,some nano-copper powders with different particle shape and size were prepared by electrochemical method.The phases of nano-copper powders were analyzed by XRD and FT-IR,and the morphology and particle size were analyzed by TEM.The results show that different surface dispersants play different role in the preparing process of the nano-copper powders.The sodium dodecyl sulfate can prevent the powder from oxidation due to electrostatic attraction of double electricity layer and steric barrier effect.Tweens can control the powders aggregation accompanied with higher steric barrier effect,of which the Tween-80 has the best effect.However,the resulting nano-copper powders can be oxidized and aggregated during electrochemical processing with single surface dispersant.When the sodium dodecyl sulfate and Tween80 are used together,the resulting nano-copper with particle size of 20~50 nm can be obtained by electrochemical method,because stronger electrostatic attraction of double electricity layer of sodium dodecyl sulfate and higher steric barrier effect can prevent the powders from oxidation and aggregation.

关 键 词：纳米铜粉 电化学 表面分散剂 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]