常绿阔叶园林6树种(品种)对模拟酸雨的生理响应及敏感性  

Physiologic Responses and Sensitivity of Six Garden Plants to Simulated Acid Rain

作　　者：李志国[1] 姜卫兵[1] 翁忙玲[1] 姜武[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《园艺学报》2011年第3期512-518,共7页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：江苏省农业科技示范推广项目(BC2005344)

摘　　要：以阔瓣含笑(Michelia platypetala)、红花木莲(Manglieta insignis)、金叶含笑(Michelia fovelata)、乐东拟单性木兰(Parakmeria lotungensis)和杨梅(Myrica rubra)品种‘东魁’、‘荸荠种’;等6个常绿阔叶树为材料,采用盆栽法研究了模拟酸雨处理对其幼苗叶片叶绿素含量、细胞汁液pH值、膜伤害和光合气体交换参数等标的影响。结果表明,pH5.0的轻度酸雨对6种树木幼苗均未造成明显伤害;但在pH<3.5的酸雨处理下,6种树木幼苗叶片细胞膜透性增加,并导致细胞汁液pH值下降,叶绿素含量降低,进而影响光合作用。但不同树种对酸雨表现出不同抗性,采用模糊数学中的隶属函数值法对供试树种(品种)进行评价并划为3类:第1类酸敏感树种,如红花木莲;第2类抗酸性较强树种,包括‘东魁’杨梅、金叶含笑、乐东拟单性木兰;第3类抗酸性强树种,包括阔瓣含笑、‘荸荠种’杨梅。Four species in Magnoliaceae family（Michelia platypetala,Michelia fovelata,Parakmeria lotungensis,Manglieta insignis）and two varieties in Myrica rubra sieb. et zacc.（‘Dongkui’and‘Biqizhong’）were exposed to simulated acid rain（SAR）with different pH values. The chlorophyll content,the pH values of cell sap,membrane damage and gas exchange parameters were determined with pot-grown seedlings. The results showed acid rain treatment at pH 5.0 is unlikely to cause significant damage to those trees,but even has obviously promotion to M. platypetala. When treated by acid rain at pH 3.5,visible foliar injury were induced,membrane lipid preoxidated and permeability increased,Chl. content and the pH values of cell sap were significantly declined. Moreover,gas exchange parameters were altered by SAR treatment. However,the species differed in their susceptibility to acid rain,so it is necessary to apply more than one index to give a comprehensive evaluation on stress resistant. In this article,acidic tolerance of four species in Magnoliaceae family and two varieties in Myrica rubra family were evaluated by applying the method of subordinate function value. The results showed the acidic tolerance of Michelia platypetala and‘Biqizhong’were the strongest,the tolerance of‘Dongkui’,Michelia fovelata and Parakmeria lotungensis were moderate,Manglieta insignis was the weakest.

关 键 词：阔瓣含笑 金叶含笑 红花木莲 乐东拟单性木兰 杨梅 酸雨 膜伤害 光合作用 抗性 

分 类 号：S687[农业科学—观赏园艺]