人类局限性癫痫发作中单个神经元的电生理变化  

Single-neuron dynamics in human focal epilepsy

作　　者：古莉(译)[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学外国语学院

出　　处：《中华神经医学杂志》2011年第4期424-424,共1页Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

摘　　要：通常认为癫痫发作本身是由大脑网络的异常过度兴奋，导致神经元高度同步的神经电活动造成的。作者首次报道应用微电极记录方法，发现癫痫患者发作时的一系列单个神经元的成串的棘波放电。与传统观念不同，即使在很小的皮层采样空间．在发作的起始和传播过程中，神经元棘波放电的形式各异，在时相上也不同步。可能的原因是发作的起始和传播是由不同性质神经元间极为复杂的相互作用导致的。与此对应的是随着所有神经元的棘波放电的完全停止，癫痫发作也就终止了。值得注意的是，在发作开始数分钟前，即使是癫痫起始区以外的神经元的电活动已经有明显的变化。提示有必要重新审视目前对于癫痫形成机制的理解，同时可根据皮层神经元的棘波放电形式而对癫痫发作进行预防。Epileptic seizures are traditionally characterized as the ultimate expression of monolithic, hypersynchronous neuronal activity arising from unbalanced runaway excitation. Here we report the first examination of spike train patterns in large ensembles of single neurons during seizures in persons with epilepsy. Contrary to the traditional view, neuronal spiking activity during seizure initiation and spread was highly heterogeneous, not hypersynchronous, suggesting complex interactions among different neuronal groups even at the spatial scale of small cortical patches. In contrast to earlier stages, seizure termination is a nearly homogenous phenomenon followed by an almost complete cessation of spiking across recorded neuronal ensembles. Notably, even neurons outside the region of seizure onset showed significant changes in activity minutes before the seizure. These findings suggest a revision of current thinking about seizure mechanisms and point to the possibility of seizure prevention based on spiking activity in neocortical neurons

关 键 词：皮层神经元 癫痫发作 电生理变化 神经电活动 人类 传播过程 过度兴奋 记录方法 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]