茄子杂种一代制种技术研究  

Study on Key Techniques of Hybrid Seed Production of Eggplant in South China

作　　者：李植良[1] 黎振兴[1] 孙保娟[1] 罗少波[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2011年第2期208-212,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2007BAD68B03);广东省国际科技合作项目(No.2007A050100036;2008B050300006);农业部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金;农业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.nyhyzx07-007-14);广州市科技攻关重点项目(No.2006Z-E0061);广州市招标项目(No.GZCQC0902FG06017-02)

摘　　要：为了提高华南地区茄子单位面积制种产量,以"农夫长茄"和"新丰紫红茄"的父母本为材料,研究了不同栽培季节、种植密度、重复授粉对单位面积制种产量的影响,以及不同花龄母本花授精结实能力,种果成熟度和后熟时间对种子发芽率的影响。结果表明,秋季为最适合的制种季节,早春大棚制种也可获较高的种子产量;适当密植可显著提高单位面积制种产量;母本开花当天授粉坐果率最高,次日重复授粉可显著增加种子产量;种果在授粉后55～60 d采收、后熟5～10 d取种,其种子发芽率可达到国家对茄子杂交种一级良种要求的发芽率标准。In order to increase the hybrid seed yield of eggplant in South China,the parents of two eggplant combinations with purple skin’Nongfu’and’Qingfeng’were used as materials to study the effects of different planting seasons,different plant densities and repeated pollination on seed yield,the effects of the fruit setting rate at different female flower ages,and the effects of different ripening days and post-ripening days on germination.The results showed that autumn as well as early spring with plastic shed were the suitable seasons for hybrid seed production;increasing plant density reasonably could lead to a higher seed yield;the fruit setting rate was the highest when pollinating at blooming compared to that of before or after blooming;the seed yield increased significantly by pollinating at blooming and re-pollinating next day,compared to that pollinating only once at blooming or pollinating the day before blooming and re-pollinating next day;the germination rate would meet the requirement for that of the first class hybrid seed listed in GB 16715.3-1999 when the fruits were picked from 55 days to 60 days after pollination and post-ripened for 5 days to 10 days.

关 键 词：华南 茄子 杂交一代 种子生产 技术 产量 发芽率 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S603.8[农业科学—园艺学]