提高惠斯通电桥灵敏度的方法  

Methods of Improving Wheatstone Bridge's Sensitivity

作　　者：李尧[1] 孙鹏 王永超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北华大学,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林市田家炳高级中学,吉林吉林132011

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2011年第2期28-31,42,共5页Physical Experiment of College

摘　　要：惠斯通电桥的灵敏度是影响其测量精确度的一个重要因素。为了分析影响惠斯通电桥灵敏度的因素,推导了惠斯通电桥灵敏度的公式,对惠斯通电桥的灵敏度进行实验研究。利用惠斯通电桥灵敏度的实验,从电源电压E、电源内阻rE和限流电阻RE、检流计灵敏度、检流计内阻RE和限流保护电阻R保护、检流计和电源接入线路的位置、RE′和桥路两端等效电阻RCD的关系、桥臂电阻之和R1+R2+R3+R4和对应臂电阻之比R1/R2、R3/R4等几个方面探讨分析了影响电桥灵敏度的各个因素,得出电桥灵敏度和各因素之间的关系,从而找出提高惠斯通电桥灵敏度的方法。Wheatstone bridge＇ s sensitivity was regarded as a key factor to affect its measuring precision.In order to analyze influence factors of Wheatstone bridge＇ sensitivity,expression of the electric bridge＇s sensitivity was deduced.The experimental investigations for the Wheatstone bridge＇s sensitivity were carried out in this paper.After carrying out the experiment,there are many factors that influence sensitivity of the electric bridge.There these factors are analyzed in the paper：supply voltage,internal resistance of supply voltage and current-limiting resistor,sensitivity of galvanometer,internal resistance of galvanometer and current-limiting protective resistor,on-position of galvanometer and supply circuit,relation between in the bridge and the equivalent resistance at the ends of the bridge,sum of resistances in bridge arms and ratio of resistance in corresponding bridgearm and,and so on.And then we derived the relation between the sensitivity and these factors by the experiment.From the analyses,we found methods of improving the sensitivity of electric bridge.

关 键 词：惠斯通电桥 灵敏度 电阻 实验 

分 类 号：O441.1[理学—电磁学]