昆虫群落中天敌间的致死干扰竞争作用  

Lethal interference competition between natural enemies in insect community

作　　者：徐海云[1] 杨念婉[1] 万方浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2011年第3期361-367,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金(30930062);农业公益性行业科研专项(201103023);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB119200)

摘　　要：致死干扰竞争作用(lethal interference competition)是近些年来才被人们认识到的更为复杂的种间竞争关系,是昆虫天敌间竞争的一种极端形式,广泛存在于寄生性天敌昆虫之间。本文从其定义、作用机制、方式及其与害虫生物防治的相互关系几个方面介绍了天敌群落中的这一典型的种间相互关系。根据作用机制的不同,可将致死干扰竞争作用分为外竞争和内竞争;其通常的作用方式包括多寄生(超寄生)、复寄生、杀卵作用、寄主取食、物理攻击和生理抑制等。深入全面地研究这一种间关系对于有效生防作用物的筛选和引入,以及整个生防系统群落的稳定性具有重要意义。Lethal interference competition, which is ubiquitous among many parasitoid species, is a more complicated interspecific relationship and an extreme form of competition. The special multi-specific interaction in the communities ofinsect natural enemies in such aspects as its definition, pathway, action mechanism and applications to biological control was reviewed. According to the different mechanisms of action, it can be classified as extrinsic and intrinsic competition. Multiparasitism （superparasitism）, hyperparasitism, ovicide, host-feeding, physical attack and physiological suppression are known as several mechanisms of lethal interference competition. The main purpose of this review is to reveal this complicated interaction among multiple parasitoids and to help making a sound decision on selection, importation and release of effective biological agents. This is important to the stability ofinsect biological control system.

关 键 词：昆虫群落 致死干扰竞争 种间竞争 种内竞争 生物防治 天敌 拟寄生物 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]