水稻苗期抗寒种质的筛选与鉴定  

SCREENING AND IDENTIFICATION OF RICE GERMPLASMS WITH COLD-RISISTANCE AT SEEDLING STAGE

作　　者：王兰[1] 龙云铭[2] 田华[1] 蔡千惠[1] 李金泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642 [2]曼尼托巴大学农业与食品科学学院植物科学系

出　　处：《核农学报》2011年第2期208-213,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(30800597);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(8451064201001015);教育部博士点基金(20094404120018)

摘　　要：通过自然低温鉴定,从84份水稻核心种质中初步筛选出13份苗期抗寒材料,其中包括3份籼稻和10份粳稻品种。在光照培养箱中进一步的低温处理结果表明:在较长时间的持续低温胁迫条件下,抗寒材料的抗寒级别分别达到1～4级,其中粳87-304达到1级;在低温变温处理的条件下,低温敏感品种三百粒和加巴拉植株的叶片枯萎、恢复室温后缓慢死亡,而抗寒品种桂花黄和苏粳2号的叶片没有明显枯萎;在较短时间的低温胁迫条件下,叶片卷枯程度、失绿程度可作为鉴定水稻苗期抗寒能力的有效指标。本研究为水稻苗期抗寒育种提供新的种质资源,并为水稻抗寒基因克隆提供材料基础。13 rice germplasm displaying cold resistance at seedling stage including 3 Indica varieties and 10 Japonica varieties have been identified from 84 varieties in Micro-core Rice Collection screened by natural low temperature.Further cold treatment in climate chamber showed that cold resistance of above 13 rice germplasms reached level of 1 to 4,of which Japonica 87-304 reached level 1 under continuous low temperature treatment.In altered low temperature condition,the leaves of cold sensitive varieties Sanbaili and Jiabala were scorched and died gradually after recovery to room temperature,but leaves of cold resistant varieties Guihuahuang and Sujiang 2 were not scorched distinctly.The extent of leaf curling and chlorophyll fading under cold stress within a comparatively short period could be applied as an efficient index for identification of cold resistance during seedling stage.The research provides novel rice germplasm for cold resistance breeding and a basis for cloning cold resistance genes in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 叶绿素含量 抗寒性 种质资源 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]