库源改变对新疆高产棉花^(14)C-同化物分配及内源激素含量的影响  

EFFECTS OF SOURCE AND SINK MANIPULATION ON DISTRIBUTION OF ^(14)C-ASSIMILATE AND ENDOGENOUS HORMONE CONTENTS OF HIGH-YIELD COTTON IN XINJIANG

作　　者：罗宏海[1] 赵瑞海[1] 李俊华[1] 张亚黎[1] 张旺锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室/农学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《核农学报》2011年第2期331-336,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30260051);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD21B02-1)

摘　　要：以新陆早13号棉花为材料,在皮棉产量2500kg.hm-2以上的膜下滴灌条件下,于花铃期分别进行1/2、1/4剪叶和1/2、1/4疏蕾处理,研究库源改变对叶片14C-同化物运转分配及内源激素含量的影响。结果表明,疏库处理降低了主要源叶(对应的主茎叶和对位果枝叶)中吲哚乙酸(IAA)峰值,推迟了异戊烯基腺嘌呤及其核苷(iP+iPA)的积累,降低了玉米素及其核苷(Z+ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)含量,导致14C-同化物输出率及在棉铃中的分配率显著降低,使单铃重和产量均显著低于对照(CK)。减源处理显著增加了开花后28～35d棉铃中细胞分裂素(CTks)各组分含量,增强了盛铃期棉铃对14C-同化物的调运能力,其中去1/4叶处理的单株铃数、单铃重和产量均与CK无明显差异。表明通过协调关键栽培技术调控库源关系,可影响棉株内源激素水平的变化,进而调节同化物运转及分配的方向和速率,对实现新疆棉花超高产稳产具有重要意义。Effects of leaf-cutting and bud-thinning treatment on partitioning of 14C-assimilate and endogenous hormone contents of source leaf（respective axial leaf and sympodian leaf） during flowering and boll-setting stage in high-yield cotton were studied by using Gossipium hirsutum L.cv.Xinluzao13 as plant material.Results showed that bud-thinning reduced the peak value of indole-3-acetic acid（IAA） delayed the accumulation of isopenteny ladenime and its riboside（iP ＋ iPA）,and decreased the contents of abscisic acid（ABA）zeatin and its riboside（Z ＋ ZR）of source leaf.Thus,the export and partitioning of percentage of14C-assimilate in boll was significantly decreased at full bolling and boll opening stages.As a result,both of boll weight and yield in bud-thinning were significantly lower than control.Leaf-cutting significantly improved the content of cytokinins（CTKs） and the distributive percentage of 14C-assimilates in boll.Furthermore,when leaves were cutted 1 /4 at anthesis,no differences were found in number of bolls per plant,boll weight and yield compared with control.These results suggested that regulating source-sink relation with key practices of cultivation would be of great importance to super-high and stable yield of cotton,as it would affect the changes of endogenous hormone levels and regulate the distribution of 14C-assimilate between source and sink.

关 键 词：棉花 源库调节 14C-同化物 内源激素 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]