泉州郊区春节燃放烟花时段大气污染特征  

Atmospheric Pollution Characteristic During Fireworks Burning Time in Spring Festival in Quanzhou Suburb

作　　者：赵金平[1,2] 徐亚[1,3] 张福旺[1,3] 陈进生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,厦门361021 [2]广东省环境监测中心,广州510030 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《环境科学》2011年第5期1224-1230,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20081117);福建省青年基金项目(2009J05104)

摘　　要：研究了泉州郊区2009年春节燃放烟花期间空气污染特征.采用在线监测和中流量采样器对该时段气溶胶进行了颗粒物实时监测和采集.目的是阐明泉州郊区燃放烟花期间大气中颗粒物、多环芳烃(PAHs)和水溶性离子的浓度及分布特征,探讨其污染物的来源.结果表明,除夕00:57～01:27为颗粒物浓度受燃放烟花影响最大时段,PM2.5和PM10浓度30 min平均值高达1102.43μg·m-3和1610.22μg·m-3.除夕燃放烟花前后气相和颗粒相中多环芳烃的浓度最高达到54.18 ng·m-3和47.10ng·m-3,明显高于春节前后正常时段PAHs的浓度,但根据PAHs的诊断参数判断,泉州郊区PAHs主要以燃煤、生物质燃烧和柴油机动车的混合局地源污染为主.水溶性离子的数据结果说明,烟花燃放是春节期间水溶性离子浓度升高的主要原因.烟花燃放、燃煤和机动车辆尾气排放的污染气体NOx和SO2则是二次污染物NO 3-和SO42-形成的前驱物的主要来源.Atmospheric pollution characteristics during fireworks burning time in 2009 Spring Festival in Quangzhou suburb were studied.Particulate aerosol has been monitored and collected using real-time monitor and middle-volume sampler during fireworks burning time.The objectives of this study were to identify the contents and distributing characteristics of particles,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAHs） and water-soluble ions and to discuss sources of these pollutants.The results showed that PM2.5 and PM10 were increased significantly during fireworks burning time.The highest concentration of particles presented time of 00：57-01：27 on New Year＇s Eve,which the average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 were reached 1 102.43 μg.m-3 and 1 610.22 μg.m-3 in 30 min.The concentration of particle-and gas-PAHs were 54.18 ng.m-3 and 47.10 ng.m-3,respectively,during fireworks burning time in New Year＇s Eve,which were higher than that in the normal day.It can be judged by the diagnostic ratios that the primary source of PAHs in Quanzhou suburb were the combustion of coal,biomass and the exhaust emission from diesel vehicles in this region.Results of water-soluble ions indicated that fireworks burning were the main reason to lead to higher concentration of these ions during Spring Festival.Moreover,pollution gases of NOx and SO2 that were origined from fireworks burning,coal combustion and exhaust emission from motor vehicle were supplied precursors to form secondary pollutants,such as NO 3-and SO24-.

关 键 词：春节 烟花燃放 多环芳烃 水溶性离子 空气污染 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]