一维纳米纤维构筑的导电聚合物三维结构及其可控的浸润性(英文)  

3D-Micro/Nanostructures of Conducting Polymers Assembled from 1D-Nanostructures and Their Controlling Wettability

作　　者：朱英[1] 刘明杰[2] 万梅香[2] 江雷[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学化学与环境学院,北京100191 [2]中国科学院化学研究所北京分子科学国家实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第5期819-828,共10页Progress in Chemistry

摘　　要：微/纳米结构的导电聚合物由于具有高导电性、易合成以及优异的环境稳定性从而在许多先进的研究领域备受关注,并有望在分子导线、化学和生物传感器、发光器件等领域获得广泛应用。特别是,复杂的三维自组装结构在获得高性能和功能化的材料方面提供了巨大的潜在应用价值。本文主要介绍了我们利用胶束的软模板和自组装驱动力的协同效应,实现由一维纳米结构组装的三维微米结构导电聚合物方面的研究进展。该制备技巧在于低表面自由能的含氟有机酸具有软模板、掺杂剂、自组装驱动力,以及诱导超疏水性的多重作用实现导电聚合物三维结构的组装和多功能化。介绍了利用环境湿度调整分子的自组装驱动力,实现导电聚合物由一维纳米结构向三维微米结构的组装。此外,还介绍了利用导电聚合物可逆的化学掺杂/脱掺杂机制,实现导电聚合物表面浸润性的可逆转化。最后介绍了在液/液/固三相体系中,通过外加电场刺激,可实现油滴在导电聚合物表面的浸润性和黏附力的控制。Micro/nanostructured conducting polymers have received intense interest because of their high conductivity,ease of preparation,good environmental stability,and a large variety of applications in molecular wires,chemical sensors,biosensor,light-emmiting and electronic devices.Three dimensional（3D） conducting polymer microstructures assembled from one dimensional（1D） nanofibers have been required to provide multi-functionality and high performance applications in microelectronics technology.However,the design and synthesis of such novel 3D-microstructures assembled from 1D-nanostructure remain a challenge for materials science.Recently,our researches demonstrated that the cooperation effect of the micelles served as soft-template and the molecular interactions as self-assembly driving forces provides a facile and effective approach to construct conductive and supperhydrophobic functional 3D-micro/nanostructures of conducting polymers assembled from 1D-nanofibers.The trick of this approach is using low surface energy organic acids as the dopants that serve four functions of dopant,soft-template,self-assembly driving force,and deducing superhydrophobicity.Moreover,3D-microstructures assembled from 2D-nanosheets consisted of 1D-nanofibers of conducting polymer were successfully synthesized by adjusting self-assembled driving force using the relative humidity of enviroment.Our researches also demonstrated that surface wettability of conducting polymer micro/nanostructures could be reversively controlled by means of chemical methods.In liquid/liquid/solid triphase system,the wettability and adhesion of oil droplet on the surface of the conducing polymers can be intelligently controlled by adjusting the electrochemical potentials.

关 键 词：导电聚合物 三维微/纳米结构 协同效应 超疏水性 可控的浸润性 

分 类 号：O647.5[理学—物理化学] O631.2[理学—化学]