固相光催化降解废弃塑料  

Solid-Phase Photocatalytic Degradation of Waste Plastics

作　　者：杨昌军[1] 彭天右[1] 邓克俭[2] 昝菱[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,武汉430072 [2]中南民族大学化学与材料科学学院催化材料科学湖北省暨国家民委-教育部共建重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第5期874-879,共6页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20673078)资助

摘　　要："白色污染"已成为目前普遍关注的一个全球性环保课题。将光催化剂掺入到塑料中制备出环境友好的可光降解复合塑料,利用其光催化活性可以使废弃塑料在太阳光的照射下发生有效降解,是解决"白色污染"问题的有效途径之一。本文综述了近年来固相光催化降解废弃塑料的研究进展,介绍了光催化剂TiO2、ZnO、α-FeOOH和H3PW12O40对废弃塑料的固相光催化降解效率及各种复合塑料的光催化降解机理,阐述了对光催化剂进行表面改性可以改善其在聚合物中的分散性,以及对光催化剂进行修饰可以提高其对可见光的吸收,从而提高复合塑料的固相光催化降解活性及对太阳光的有效利用率。最后,展望了固相光催化技术在废弃塑料处理领域的应用前景。White pollution has become a global environmental issue in recent years.Composite plastics embedding photocatalysts into ploymer matrix has excellent photocatalytic degradation activity.It could be degraded effectively in ambient air under sunlight exposure.So it is an eco-friendly disposal of polymer wastes,and provides a promising way to solve white pollution.In this paper,the latest research progress in solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of waste plastics is reviewed.The solid-phase photocatalytic activity of TiO2,ZnO,α-FeOOH and H3PW12O40,as well as the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of various composite plastics are introduced.Many new methods have been used to enhance the solid-phase photocatalytic degradation activity of composite plastics and the utilization efficiency of sunlight.For example,surface modifying photocatalyst by branched macromolecule is used to improve the dispersion of photocatalyst in polymer matrix,modifying photocatalyst by metal ion doping or dye sensitization is used to broaden the region of photoresponse and enhance the visible light activity of photocatalyst.At last,the potential application prospects for photodegradable composite plastics in the field of waste plastic treatment is discussed.

关 键 词：固相光催化降解 光催化剂 可光降解塑料 聚合物复合塑料 

分 类 号：O643.32[理学—物理化学]