校园内行道树不同树种降温增湿效应研究  

THE EFFECTS OF REDUCING TEMPERATURE AND INCREASING HUMIDITY OF GREENERY TREES IN INNER MONGOLIA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

作　　者：马秀枝[1] 李长生[2] 陈高娃[1] 巴彦查干[1] 王成杰[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古自治区气象局科技减灾处,呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第1期125-130,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30960072);内蒙古自然科学基金(2009BS0501);内蒙古农业大学博士启动基金(BJ06-47)

摘　　要：本文选择内蒙古农业大学东校区3种主要的校园绿化树种垂柳（Salix babylonica Linn．）、新疆杨（Populus bolleana Lauche．）、油松（Pinus tabulaeformis Carr．），在晴天树木阴影中心原位测定地面温度、大气温度和大气相对湿度，用来研究不同树种的降温增湿效应。结果表明：（1）行道树下空气温度、地表温度的日变化趋势与对照点相似，呈倒“U”字型；但大气相对湿度的日变化趋势正好相反，呈”U”字型；（2）与对照（附近水泥路面）相比，3种主要行道树都具有明显的降温和增湿效应，尤其是1天的中午时段。尤其是1天中的中午的降温效应更为明显。与对照水泥地相比，3种行道树降低大气温度的平均降温率为4．3％-5．1％，降低地表温度的平均降温率为34．9％-42．9％，平均增湿率为29．5％～34．5％；（3）从降温增湿的综合效应来看，垂柳和油松又大于新疆杨，而油松在降低地表温度和增加空气湿度的效应又要大于新疆杨。这除了与不同树种树冠的几何形状、叶面积指数以及树木长势等的不同有关，可能还与不同树种的枝下高有关。Effects of reducing temperature and increasing humidity of greenery trees were studied in the eastern campus of Inner Mongolia agricultural University. Three dominating greenery trees Salix babylonica Linn. , Populus bolleana Lauche. and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. were selected. The results showed that ： The trend of diurnal variation of air temperature and topsoil temperature showed adverse curve shape, just for the three tree species and in the cement land, but the change trend of air relative humidity showed adversely. Compared with the cement land, three greenery trees showed obvious ecological effects, especially at the noon. The average reducing rate of air temperature varied 4.3% -5.1% , the amplitude of topsoil temperature and the air humidity variation were 34.9% - 42.9% and 29.5% -34.5% respectively. Among the three tree species,Salix babylonica Linn. had the biggest effects of reducing temperature and increasing humidity, while the effects of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. was greater than that of Populus bolleana Lauche. This phenomena may be related with the geometrical shape of tree crown, index of leaf area and the growth state and the branch height.

关 键 词：绿化树种 降温增湿 大气温度 大气相对湿度 地表温度 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]