重症监护病房感染菌株种类及药敏分析  

Analysis on pathogenic bacteria distribution and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit （ICU）

作　　者：曾洪伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都市第九人民医院,610015

出　　处：《浙江临床医学》2011年第4期396-398,共3页Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨重症监护病房（ICU）患者感染菌株的分布特点及耐药情况,为临床选用抗菌药物治疗提供可靠依据.方法 分析2009年1月至2010年12月本院ICU患者送检的各类标本中分离出的病原菌和药物敏感试验结果.结果 2009年,分离出病原菌215株,病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占51.16%,革兰阳性球菌占26.05%,真菌占12.56%;超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）检出率51.82%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRSA）检出率71.43%.2010年,分离出病原菌231株,病原菌仍以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占54.55%,革兰阳性球菌占25.97%,真菌占13.42%;超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）检出率53.17%,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRSA）检出率76.67%.差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 ICU感染以阴性杆菌感染为主,革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,对亚胺培南耐药率最低;革兰阳性球菌对阿齐霉素耐药率最高.Objective To explore pathogenic bacteria distribution and antibiotic resistance in the intensive care unit （ICU） for the guidance of antibiotic clinical use of drug therapy. Methods From January 2009 - December 2010,the kinds of pathogens and results of susceptibility testing in patients of ICU were retrospectively reviewed. Results In 2009,215 pathogens were isolated, pathogenic Gram - negative bacilli were still dominated, accounted for 51.16% , Gram - positive cocci accounted for 26. 05% , fungi accounted for 12. 56% of the total composition; Ultra- extended -spectrum [3 -lactamases （ESBLs） had a detection rate of 51.82% ,methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） had a detection rate of 71.43%. In 2010,231 pathogens were isolated,pathogenic Gram- negative bacilli were still dominated, accounted for 54. 55%, Gram- positive cocci accounted for 25.97% ,fungi accounted for 13.42% of the total composition; Ultra- extended - -spectrum β -lactamases （ESBLs） had a detection rate of 53.17% , methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） had a detection rate of 76.67%, there were no significant differences（ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Gram- negative bacilli were predominant in ICU patients, Gram -negative bacilli were the highest resistance to Ampicillin, whereas were the lowest resistance to Imipenem ; The gram - positive coccus were the highest resistance to Axithromycin,whereas were the lowest resistance to Vancomycin.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 细菌分布 耐药分析 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]