景观生态学教学的短期户外观摩:云南大学的实践  

THE SHORT-TERM OUTDOOR TEACHING OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY:A CASE FROM YUNNAN UNIVERSITY

作　　者：吴兆录[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《云南地理环境研究》2011年第1期1-4,17,共5页Yunnan Geographic Environment Research

基　　金：云南大学研究生精品课程建设基金;国家自然科学基金(31060079)资助

摘　　要：景观生态学研究的社会认知度在不断提高,教学研讨却相当滞后。介绍云南大学的景观生态学教学实践和经验,以期抛砖引玉。云南大学的景观生态学教学始于1987年,至今在本科、硕士、博士3个层次上开展不同深度的授课。为期1～2天的短期户外观摩,是课堂教学的组成部分,分3个步骤:(1)行前利用Google Earth网络资源演示预设线路和地点的景观结构和生态过程,激发学生的求知欲望;(2)围绕河流-湖泊污染扩散、越冬红嘴鸥觅食-安全日迁移两种生态流实施户外观摩教学,使学生在现实景观里理解和识别景观基底-廊道-斑块、源汇景观转换、景观边界及边缘效应等书本知识;(3)强化总结讨论,促使户外观摩印象的理论升华。Compared with the high social acceptance of landscape ecology research,the teaching discussion is actually quite lags.This article introduced teaching practice and experience of landscape ecology in Yunnan University,aiming at promoting the development of landscape ecology education in China.The course of landscape ecology in Yunnan University,initiated in 1987,has been teaching presently at undergraduate,master and doctorial levels with different contexts.The short-term outdoor teaching,one or two days,consisted of three steps.Firstly,to stimulate student＇s desire to learn outdoors by applying Google Earth network resources to demonstrate the landscape structure and ecological process that would find during the designed outdoor teaching.Secondly,to implement the outdoor teaching by the observation of two kinds of ecological flows,the daily movement of wintering Black-headed gulls between urban and suburb areas for food and safety,and the diffusion of contaminations from the rivers to lake,to accelerate students to understand knowledge of landscape ecology in the real landscapes,such as the system of matrix,corridor and patch,source-sink landscapes and their role changes,landscape boundary and edge effect.Thirdly,to emphasize what leant outdoor by organizing the summary and discussion of outdoor teaching to urge the observation and impression outdoors into the theoretical knowledge.

关 键 词：景观生态学 户外教学 水污染控制 红嘴鸥 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]