一株微微型浮游植物的分离培养与鉴定  

Isolation,culture,and identification of a picophytoplankton

作　　者：左云龙[1,2] 向文洲[1] 刘纪化[1,2] 苏娇娇[1,2] 何慧[1] 张立[1] 肖伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2011年第1期86-90,共5页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B080701093);广东省海洋与渔业局科技专项项目(A2008009-08)

摘　　要：从我国南海北部大洋陆架外海域中取样分离培养的1株微微型浮游植物(SCSIO-8),以它为材料,对其生长特征、形态结构、生理生化特性和分类鉴定等进行了研究。研究结果表明,SCSIO-8为游离单细胞,细胞大小为(2.08±0.28μm)×(1.78±0.09)μm,无鞭毛,无蛋白核,以似亲孢子方式繁殖,形成2、4个子细胞;扫描电镜观察,SCSIO-8具有1个细胞核、1个线粒体和1个叶绿体,形成大量淀粉粒;SCSIO-8适应生长的盐度范围至少为0‰―38‰,并可快速适应海淡水之间的转换;HPLC分析显示SCSIO-8细胞含有叶绿素a、b以及顺/反式紫黄质、β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素等类胡萝卜素组分;经18S rDNA测序和对比分析,结合其细胞形态结构、生理生化特性,初步鉴定为Picochlorum sp.SCSIO-8。In this study,strain SCSIO-8,an isolated picophytoplankton was obtained from the continental shelf of the northern South China Sea.Studies were carried out on its growth,morphological structure,physiological and biochemical characteris-tics and taxonomic identification.The results indicate that SCSIO-8 was a free unicellular alga without flagellate,（2.08±0.28）×（1.78±0.09）μm in size,and no pyrenoid,1 chloroplast,1 mitochondria,1 nucleus,and many starch granules were observed in its cell.It was revealed that SCSIO-8 reproduced through autosporation.Results also indicate that SCSIO-8 was able to grow in a wide range of salinity from 0 to 38‰ at least,and adapted rapidly to the mutual switch between seawater and freshwater.HPLC chromatogram analysis showed that the main photosynthetic pigments of SCSIO-8 were chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and several carotenoids including cis-and trans-Violaxanthin,Lutein,β-carotene,etc.18S rDNA region of SCSIO-8 genome DNA was sequenced and blasted in GenBank.The picophytoplankton strain could be identified as Pi-cochlorum sp.SCSIO-8 through integrated analysis of its morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular charac-teristics.

关 键 词：微微型浮游植物 Picochlorum属 分类鉴定 18S RDNA 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] Q949.9