黄山市社区居民健康水平及卫生服务需求状况调查  

Community health level of residents and health service needs survey of Huangshan city

作　　者：毕普明[1,2] 冯哲伟[1] 操基玉[1] 王维维[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽省黄山市卫生局,安徽黄山245000 [3]安徽省黄山市疾病预防控制中心,安徽黄山245000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2011年第4期459-461,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解黄山市社区居民健康水平以及卫生服务需求状况,发现其中存在的主要卫生问题,以制定有针对性地措施,为社区居民提供有效、经济、方便、综合、连续的社区卫生服务。方法对黄山市城镇和农村常住居民采取分层整群抽样方法抽取样本,采用一对一匿名询问和现场实际察看方法进行资料收集。结果黄山市城乡中56%的家庭人均月饮食消费<150元,在文娱、医疗方面分别有42.7%、49.3%的家庭人均月消费<25元;居民慢性病患病率达7.4%,患病率居前几位的是高血压、糖尿病、支气管炎、心脏病,χ2检验发现慢性病总患病情况存在性别、年龄差异;68.7%居民常通过电视、医生、报刊书籍等途径主动获取卫生保健知识;79.6%的慢性病患者是在县级以下医疗单位确诊,对疾病进行治疗的患者占89.9%;本调查前两周内112名身感不适的居民中有7名因自感病轻、经济困难、无有效措施而未进行治疗;超过一半的居民因距离近等原因选择到基层医疗单位就诊;92.6%的居民有一定医疗保障,主要为新型农村合作医疗(66.3%),另外还有职工医疗保险、居民医疗保险、商业医疗保险等。结论通过健康教育提高居民健康意识和健康行为,加强慢性病的管理,合理配置卫生资源,保证医保制度的持续发展,形成适合于本地区的社区卫生服务体系。Aim Learn about health level and health services demand in Huangshan city in order to provide community residents with effective,convenient,comprehensive,and continuous community health services.Methods By stratified cluster sampling method samples were taken from permanent residents of urban and rural areas of Huangshan city.One to one anonymous inquiry and on-site observation were adopted for data collection.Results In Huangshan city,56 percent of households per capita monthly food consumption was below 150 yuan,42.7 percent and 49.3 percent of households per capita consumption in entertainment and medical care were below 25 yuan.Chronic disease prevalence was 7.4%,and the diseases ranked first were hypertension,diabetes,bronchitis and heart disease.χ2 test found that in chronic disease prevalence gender and age difference existed;68.7 percent of residents actively acquired health care knowledge through television,doctors,newspapers or books.79.6 percent of chronic disease patients were diagnosed below the county level medical units,and 89.9 percent of patients received treatment;due to illness lighter,economic difficulties or no effective measures seven patients didn′t receive treatment among 112 uncomfortable residents.More than half of the residents chose basic-level medical unit for near location,92.6 percent of residents had certain medical security,mainly the new type of rural cooperative medical care system（66.3%）,besides medical insurance for urban workers,medical insurance for urban residents,commercial medical insurance.Conclusion Health education helps to improve the health awareness and healthy behavior of residents,and strengthening the management of chronic diseases,and rational allocation of health resources can ensure the continued development of medical insurance system and forme suitable community health service system.

关 键 词：慢性病 患病率 不良行为生活方式 卫生服务需求 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]