宁夏黄灌区灌淤土水力参数研究  

Study on Hydraulic Parameters of Irrigating Warped Soil in Ningxia Irrigation Area

作　　者：易军[1] 尚三林 杨正礼[1] 吴海卿[3] 马克星[3] 朱东海[3] 张晴雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]河南省人民胜利渠管理局,河南新乡453003 [3]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第2期46-50,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：黄河上游灌区农田退水污染控制与湿地生态修复关键技术研究与示范(2008ZX07212-004)

摘　　要：对宁夏黄灌区灌淤土水力参数进行了较为系统的研究。研究结果表明,原状土与扰动土饱和导水率变化范围分别为10-100 cm/d和3-50 cm/d。原状土饱和导水率随土壤剖面变化规律与扰动土一致：随着土壤深度的增加,饱和导水率呈现高低往复变化。原状土和扰动土的饱和导水率受粘粒含量、密度、孔隙度影响较大,受有机质含量影响较小。原状土饱和导水率较扰动土大,约为扰动土的2-5倍,且变异性也大于扰动土。各土层水分特征曲线总体趋势是一致的,土壤含水率随土壤水吸力增加逐渐下降,当吸力高于一定值时,土壤含水率基本稳定,粘粒含量对土壤水分特征曲线影响较大。各土层水分扩散率变化范围为1.0×10-3-6 cm2/min,上层土体水分扩散率远小于下层土体。各土层水分扩散率（D）与土壤体积含水率（θ）皆呈指数函数变化。土壤粘粒含量、土壤孔隙度、土壤密度、土壤有机质含量对土壤水分扩散率均有一定影响。A systematic research on hydraulic parameters of irrigating warped soil in Ningxia irrigation area is shown in this article.The results indicated as： the variation of saturated hydraulic conductivity of undisturbed soil and disturbed soil is 10-100 cm/d and 3-50 cm/d respectively.The dynamics of saturated hydraulic conductivity along the soil profile of the undisturbed soil is consisting with that of the disturbed soil： the saturated hydraulic conductivity presents reciprocating change with the increase of depth.The saturated hydraulic conductivity of undisturbed soil and disturbed soil are affected by clay content,bulk density,and porosity,except organic matter content.The saturated hydraulic conductivity of undisturbed soil is bigger than disturbed soil,with the general ratio of 2-5 times,and the variability is bigger too.Tendencies of soil water retention curves of all soil layers are similar,the soil volumetric water content decreased with the increase of soil water suctions,and it will stable when the suction reach a certain value,the soil water retention curve is affected by the clay content dramatically.The soil moisture diffusivity of all soil layers is changeable from 1.0×10-3-6 cm2/min,and the soil moisture diffusivity of upper soils are far smaller than the lower＇s.Relationship between soil moisture diffusivities and soil volumetric water content in every soil layer are sharply positive exponential function,which was fitted by the empirical equation： D（θ）=aebθ.The soil moisture diffusivity is affected by soil clay content,porosity,soil bulk density,and organic matter content.

关 键 词：灌淤土 饱和导水率 土壤水分特征曲线 土壤水分扩散率 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]