对战后美国发展援助的几点思考  

Some Thoughts about America's Development Assistance in Postwar Era

作　　者：刘国柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学世界史所,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2011年第2期64-68,共5页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"战后美国对第三世界国家发展援助探研"(06BGJ028)的系列成果之结束语

摘　　要：战后美国对第三世界国家发展援助,是美国外交战略的重要组成部分,它会随着国际形势及美国外交战略的变化而不断调整,除了现实的政治经济利益考量外,美国的主要出发点就是按照美国的标准塑造受援国的政治经济体制。发展援助体现了美国强大的经济实力,恰当运用这一实力,可以很好地维护本国的国家利益,并有助于加强本国的软实力;反之,则会造成国家软实力的流失。冷战结束后,美国对外发展援助出现了一些新的特点,突出体现在发展援助由经济领域转移到政治领域,民主援助逐渐成为美国发展援助的重点。The development assistance to the Third World constituted an important dimension of the American diplomatic strategies in the postwar era. It adjusted along with the changes of international situations and American diplomatic strategies. In addition to the realistic political and economical interests, the major intention of America was to shape the political and economical system of the benefit countries according to American standards. Development assistance can, on the one hand, reflect American economical power and safeguard its national interests and enhance the national soft power if they can use it properly. Otherwise, it will cause a drain on its soft power. There have been some new characteristics in the post-Cold War era, among which out stands the transition from economy to politics in development assistance and thus democracy assistance becomes the priority in American development assistance.

关 键 词：发展援助 美国外交 国家利益 

分 类 号：K712.54[历史地理—历史学]