舟山市普陀区1992-2009年甲肝流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of hepatitis A in Putuo District of Zhoushan city from 1992 to 2009

作　　者：王松治[1] 张世宏[1] 李雪莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省舟山市普陀区疾病预防控制中心,浙江舟山316100

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2011年第4期403-405,共3页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

摘　　要：目的:分析舟山市普陀区1992-2009年甲型肝炎不同阶段流行病学特征,为今后制订防控策略提供依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学分析方法对普陀区甲肝疫苗规范接种前后甲肝流行特征进行分析。结果:未实施甲肝疫苗接种前,该病呈自然流行状态,发病率呈波浪式下降,接种疫苗后,发病率下降明显,流行强度减弱,发病年龄后移,发病季节不明显,以接种率低、卫生条件差、水源紧张的海岛散发为主。结论:随着甲肝疫苗的推广,甲肝流行病学特征已发生变化,今后甲肝疫苗在规范纳入国家免疫规划基础上,加强重点人群接种,扩大免疫对象,加强海岛改水改厕和饮食卫生管理,控制局部暴发。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characters of hepatitis A at different stages in Putuo district of Zhoushan city from 1992 to 2009,and to provide scientific evidence for the measures of prevention and control in the future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological anMysis was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics before and after the iniection of hepatitis A vaccine. Results Before the injection o{ hepatitis A vaccine,the disease was naturally epidemic, and the incidence rate showed a wavy decline, After the vaccination, the incidence rate dropped significantly,and the epidemic of hepatitis A was weakened. The age shifted older and there was no variation in seasons. The distribution scattered in Islands due to low vaccination,poor hygiene and insufficient water. Conclusion The study suggested that with the promotion of hepatitis A vaccine,epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A have changed. On the basis of national immunization programs including hepatitis A vaccine, the vaccination of key populations is strengthened and expanded. It is important to strengthen the management of water,feces and food for controlling local outbreaks.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R512.61[医药卫生—内科学]