我国黄花蒿中青蒿素含量的气候适宜性等级划分  

Climate suitable rank distribution of artemisinin content of artemisia annua in China

作　　者：张小波[1] 郭兰萍[1] 黄璐琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《药学学报》2011年第4期472-478,共7页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

基　　金：国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2009ZX09502-026;2009ZX09301-005;2009ZX09308-002);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81072989);国家中医药管理局行业科研专项(201107009);贵州省中药现代化科技产业研究开发专项(黔科合社字20095029);中国中医科学院自主选题研究项目课题(ZZ20090302;ZZ20090214);云南省科技计划项目(2008IF025-4)

摘　　要：针对黄花蒿种植中适生地选择的迫切要求,本文通过实地调查和查阅文献,获得全国各地青蒿素的含量数据。应用统计分析方法研究青蒿素含量与气候因子和地理分布之间的关系,应用ArcGIS软件的空间计算方法进行青蒿素含量的气候适宜性等级划分。结果显示:①青蒿素含量在我国各地差异较大,青蒿素含量纬向变异明显,北部高纬度地区青蒿素含量较低,南部青蒿素含量较高。北纬34度以南,东经(100～120°E)之间地区适宜黄花蒿的生长,青蒿素含量相对较高。北纬34度以北高纬度地区不适宜黄花蒿的生长,而且青蒿素含量低于0.2%。②在我国,亚热带湿润气候区最适宜黄花蒿的生长,而且青蒿素含量平均值大于0.5%。③温度、日照时数和降雨量是影响青蒿素含量高低的主要气候因子。最适宜青蒿素积累的气候条件为:温度(13.9～22℃)、日照时数(853～1 507 h)、降雨量(814～1 518 mm)。最适宜黄花蒿生长的气候条件为:温度(13～29℃)、降雨量(600～1 300 mm)。④广西西北部,四川、贵州、云南东部,重庆南部和湖南西部的气候条件最适宜黄花蒿的人工种植;湖北、安徽和江苏的南部地区也有适宜黄花蒿人工种植的气候条件。At the urgent request of Artemisia annua（ART） planting,the paper gets artemisinin content（ARTC） of ART in China from literatures.The paper analyses the relationships between ARTC and ecological factors by statistical analytical methods.The paper also analyses the climate suitable rank distribution of ARTC in China by ArcGIS.The results display that first,ARTC is significantly different in China,that ART from the south regions ARTC is higher.Greatest north parts of China have not suitable climate for the growing of ART and the ARTC is lower than 0.2%,when ART grows above the 34th degree of northern latitude.ARTC is higher and ART grows well,when ART grows under the 34°N and grows at the areas between 100°E and 120°E.Second,subtropical zone is the best suitable climate zone for the growing of ART.ART grows well and ARTC is higher than 0.5%,when ART grows in the subtropical zone.Third,temperature,sunshine duration and rainfall are the main ecological factors that affect the growth of ART and the accumulation of ARTC.That the year temperature between 13.9 ℃ and 22 ℃,sunshine duration between 853 h and 1 507 h,rainfall between 814 mm and 1 518 mm,is the best climate for the accumulation of ARTC.Temperature between 13 ℃ and 29 ℃,rainfall between 600 mm and 1 300 mm is the best climate for the growth of ART.Fourth,in northwest of Guangxi,eastern of Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan provinces,south Chongqing and west Hunan Province,there are suitable climate for the growth of Artemisia and for the accumulating of ARTC.There are also some suitable climate areas for the growing of artemisia in the south of Hubei,Anhui and Jiangsu provinces.

关 键 词：青蒿素含量 气候适宜性 等级划分 

分 类 号：R931[医药卫生—生药学]