煤层水力压裂合理参数分析与工程实践  

Theoretical Analysis and Practical Study on Reasonable Water Pressure of Hydro-fracturing Technology

作　　者：李国旗 叶青[1,2] 李建新 徐守仁 潘峰 连金江 兀帅东 

机构地区：[1]义马煤业集团股份有限公司通风处 [2]湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室,湘潭411201

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2010年第12期73-78,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51004048,51074161);中国博士后科学基金资助(20100470998);湖南省教育厅项目(09C409);煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助(09KF05);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB201205)

摘　　要：煤层水力压裂技术是近年来应用于高瓦斯低透气性突出煤层的一种卸压增透消突技术,人们对水力压裂的卸压增透消突机理有了较充分的认识,现场工程应用的效果也较好,但有关煤层水力压裂参数是如何确定的系统分析却是很少。笔者在阐述水力压裂机理及压裂过程的基础上,系统地阐述高瓦斯低透气性突出煤层水力压裂所需的注水压力、流量、注水时间、注水速度、孔间距、封孔长度等技术参数以及煤体内在因素的影响作用;最后在义安矿FD003工作面进行了水力压裂试验研究和效果考察,得出适合义安矿的水力压裂合理注水参数。通过水力压裂,煤层瓦斯抽放量和抽放浓度得到大幅度提高,达到了卸压增透防突效果,同时起到了润湿煤体和降尘效果。Hydro-fracturing technology is a depressurization antireflection elimination outburst technology for low permeability outburst coal seam with high methane.At present,the depressurization antireflection elimination outburst mechanism is sufficiently mastered,and its application effectiveness in field engineering is also good,but how to determine hydro-fracturing parameters is not systematically described.Based on the hydro-fracturing mechanism and technics,the hydro-fracturing parameters and affecting factors are systematically analyzed,such as the water pressure,flux,water injection time,water injection velocity,borehole space,and borehole-sealed length.By field engineering test applied in the low permeability outburst coal seam with high methane,the reasonable hydro-fracturing parameters of FD003 working face in Yi＇An coal mine were obtained.Effectiveness tests show that the drainage quantity and drainage concentration increase greatly,and the effectiveness of depressurization antireflection elimination outburst is also achieved as well as the one of wetting coal and dust suppression.

关 键 词：低透气性 水力压裂 注水参数 压裂机理 压裂工艺 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]