珠江三角洲部分地区公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗效果评价  

Assessment of Cleaning Effect of Ventilating Systems in Centralized Air Condition in Public Places in Pearl River Delta

作　　者：黄锦叙[1] 辜少虹[1] 戴昌芳[1] 张建鹏[1] 麦哲恒[1] 徐良 王彦俊[3] 

机构地区：[1]广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生所,广东广州510300 [2]Utrecht University [3]内蒙古科技大学

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2011年第3期222-225,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(WSTJJ20081225440111690622422)

摘　　要：目的评价珠江三角洲地区部分公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗效果。方法于2010年4—10月随机抽取珠江三角洲地区的广州市、佛山市、深圳市3种公共场所(酒店、展览馆和大型商场)各5家,对清洗前后的空调送风管道内表面积尘量、积尘中菌落总数、真菌总数和β-溶血性链球菌以及送风中可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、菌落总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌进行检测。结果清洗前后,3种场所集中空调风管内表面积尘量、积尘菌落总数、积尘真菌总数、送风中菌落总数、送风中真菌总数中位数分别由17.85 g/m2、30 cfu/cm2、53 cfu/cm2、85 cfu/m3、218 cfu/m3下降为0.60 g/m2、<1 cfu/cm2、<1 cfu/cm2、35 cfu/m3、168 cfu/m3,合格率分别由清洗前的51.8%,90.21%,91.89%,75.00%,89.06%提高到87.6%,100%,100%,100%,100%。送风中PM10中位数由清洗前的0.06 mg/m3上升到0.08 mg/m3,合格率由清洗前的69.19%下降到67.87%。清洗前后,风管内表面积尘及送风中β-溶血性链球菌均未检出。经秩和检验,3种场所集中空调风管内表面清洗前后积尘量、积尘菌落总数、积尘真菌总数、送风中菌落总数、送风中真菌总数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而送风中PM10差异无统计学意义。结论珠江三角洲地区公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗效果显著,但集中空调通风系统清洗、评价工作中存在的问题仍需进一步完善。Objective To assess the cleaning effect of centralized air condition in the selected public places in the Pearl River Delta. Methods Fifteen public places （hotels, exhibition centers and marketplaces ） with ventilating systems in air conditions in the selected cities in the Pearl River Delta were randomly selected and the hygienic inspection on the samples was performed including PM10, aerobic bacterial count, fungus count, β Streptococcus hemolyticus, dust capacity of inner-wind duct surface and microbial. Results The medians of dust capacity of inner-wind duct surface, aerobic bacterial counts in dust, fungus counts in dust, aerobic bacterial counts in supply-air outlet, fungus counts in supply-air outlet and the PM10 were 17.85 g/m2, 30 cfu/cm2, 53 cfu/cm2, 85 cfu/m3, 218 cfu/m3 and 0.06 mg/m3 respectively before the centralized air condition ventilation systems cleaned. After cleaning, the medians were 0.60 g/m2, 〈1 cfu/cm2, 〈1 cfu/cm2, 35 cfu/m3, 168 cfu/m3 and 0.08 mg/m3 respectively. The qualified rates were 51.8%, 90.21%, 91.89%, 75.00%, 89.06% and 69.19% before the systems cleaned, by comparison, they were 87.6%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 67.87% after cleaned. β Streptococcus hemolyticus in dust and supplied air were not found before or after the centralized air condition ventilating systems were cleaned. All the inspection items except PMI0 and β Streptococcus hemolyticus showed significant differences before and after the cleaning of ventilating systems. Conclusion The air from the ventilating systems of centralized air condition is in good condition in the selected cites after being cleaned, but some problems in cleaning and assessing work still need to be solved as soon as possible.

关 键 词：空气污染 室内 公共场所 集中空调通风系统 清洗效果 评价 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]