广义相变原理及其临界理论(英文)  

Principle of Generalize Phase Transition and Its Critical Theory

作　　者：戴陵江[1] 蔡绍洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学物理系,贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（自然科学版）》1999年第3期182-192,共11页Journal of Guizhou University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：ProjectsupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina;theNaturalScienceTechnologyFounda tionofGuizhou China

摘　　要：广义相变是指物质系统由一定态向另一定态的跃迁过程 ,包括平衡态相变 ,非平衡相变 ,以及介于这两者之间的相变 .本文介绍了作者近年来在非平衡相变与平衡相变临界标度关系方面的一些研究结果 ,对平衡相变的临界标度理论进行了推广 ,提出了一个更为普适的广义相变临界标度理论 ,由之导出的临界标度关系 ,标度律更具普适性 .计算出的几类临界指数的实验值及理论值完全吻合 .由于该理论的基本模型不依赖于具体的物质系统 .具有相变的普适性 。Generalized phase transition refers to the transition process of material system from one steady-state to another. It includes equilibrium phase transition (EPT) and nonequilibrium phase transition (NPT), and the phase transition between them. The following article introduces some results on the studying of critical scaling relations of the NPT and EPT that were made recently by the authors. We spread adranced of the critical scaling theory of EPT, and raise a universal critical scaling theory of generalized phase transition. The critical scaling relations (scaling law) that is derived from the theory has more universality. The critical exponents calculated from our theory are identical with the results of exoeriments and other theories about EPT and NPT systens. Because the basic model of the theory does not depend on the concrete substance system, it have a certain universality. Its results have reference value on the kind of generalized transition system, such as the electromagnetic rheologic liquid.

关 键 词：临界现象 标度律 临界指数 普适性 广义相变原理 

分 类 号：O414.22[理学—理论物理]