水貂自咬行为特点及其对管理应激的反应  

Rules of self-biting behavior and the effect of management stress on self-biting and stereotypical behavior in farmed mink

作　　者：孙得发[1] 王建华[2] 徐秀容[1] 张志民 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]辽宁大连金州珍贵毛皮动物公司,辽宁大连116100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期35-40,47,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：西北农林科技大学博士启动基金项目(08080261)

摘　　要：【目的】观察水貂自咬行为的特点及发生规律,明确捕捉和转群等管理应激措施对水貂自咬频率和行为呆板症发生率的影响,为水貂自咬症和行为呆板症的发生机制研究提供依据。【方法】随机选择当年断奶的自咬症水貂和临床健康水貂各60只,每组3个重复,每重复20只,公母各半,观察水貂自咬行为的特点及发生规律;通过转群以及连续3d的模拟捕捉和注射试验,观察管理应激对自咬症水貂和临床健康水貂自咬频率及行为呆板症发生率的影响。【结果】水貂自咬行为呈间歇性发作,发病时间主要集中在夜间和投喂食物前后,每年的7月和9月是自咬症的高发期,自咬频率在该时段也较高。水貂自咬主要发生在尾部。自咬症水貂和临床健康水貂的行为呆板症发生率分别为19.44%和11.67%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。转群及连续3d的捕捉和注射会刺激自咬症水貂,使水貂自咬频率显著升高,但在随后的第6天和第9天呈线性下降趋势,水貂行为呆板症的发生规律与之类似。【结论】水貂自咬行为是一种呈间歇性发作的神经行为疾病,行为呆板症在健康水貂和自咬症水貂群体中都有发生,转群及捕捉、注射等管理应激会刺激水貂自咬行为和行为呆板症的发生。【Objective】 The study observed the characteristics and occurence of self-biting behavior in mink,and investigated the effect of managing stress on self-biting frequency and stereotypical behavior in mink by catching and moving cage frequently.This research was to provide basic research evidence for self-biting behavior in mink.【Method】 60 self-biting minks and 60 clinical healthy minks were chosen from weaned minks in current year,each group 3 repeats and 20 minks（half male and half female）,to investigate the self-biting behavior regularity.By moving mink house,catching and injecting within 3 day to research the effect of managing stress on self-biting frequency and stereotypical behavior in minks.【Result】 Self-biting behavior was intermittent.Self-biting was centered at night and before feeding.July and September was the peak time of self-biting behavior,and self-biting frequency also reached the peak.Both self-biting group and clinical health group had stereotypical behavior.The rate of incidence of stereotypical behavior was 19.44% and 11.67%,respectively（P0.01）.Moving mink house,catching and injecting within 3 day increased the self-biting frequency significantly,but it showed down trend in day 6 and 9.This managing stress also increased stereotypical behavior rate in healthy and self-biting minks.It has the same trend with self-biting frequency.【Conclusion】 Self-biting behavior is intermittent occurrence neurologic behavioral disease.Stereotypical behavior happens both in self-biting and healthy minks.Moving house,catching and injecting stimulated the incidence of self-biting and stereotypical behavior.

关 键 词：水貂 自咬症 行为呆板症 自咬频率 

分 类 号：S858.926.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]