不同杂草病原真菌的分离及其对野燕麦的致病力  

Isolation and pathogenicity test of different fungus strains of weeds to Avena fatuaL

作　　者：朱海霞[1] 程亮[1] 郭青云[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院植物保护研究所,教育部青藏高原生物技术重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期95-98,104,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860165)

摘　　要：【目的】筛选对野燕麦具有致病作用的生防菌株。【方法】从青海省罹病杂草叶片上分离病原真菌,采用离体生测法和温室盆栽接种法,评价其发酵液对野燕麦的致病性,用盆栽生测法评价其对主栽作物的安全性,并采用形态学结合分子生物学的方法,鉴定其对野燕麦致病力较强的菌株。【结果】分离获得了XN-1、XN-3、XN-4、XN-9和GD-13 5株病原真菌,其中XN-1、XN-3和GD-13的发酵液对野燕麦离体叶片表现出较强的致病力,对种子的萌发抑制作用明显,对野燕麦表现出较强的侵染力,显著抑制植株的生长发育,且对青海省主栽作物中的蚕豆和豌豆相对安全。经鉴定,XN-1、XN-3和GD-13分别为链格孢(Alternariasp.)、黑附球菌(Epicoccum nigium)和短小茎点霉(Phoma exigua)。【结论】XN-1、XN-3和GD-13有望成为防除阔叶田野燕麦的真菌除草剂的候选菌株。【Objective】 The study screened pathogen strains for biological control of the weed Avena fatua L.【Method】 We isolated fungus strains from the infested weeds leaves in Qinghai province.Pathogenicity of strains＇broth in several densities to A.fatua L was explored by pathogenicity test in vitro and inoculation experiment in vivo,and the safety to crops was tested using pot bioassay method.The dominant strains were identified by morphology observation and sequence analysis.【Result】 Five pathogen strains were obtained by isolation,which were XN-1,XN-3,XN-4,XN-9 and GD-13.The broth of XN-1,XN-3 and GD-13 presented high effect of pathogenicity on the leaves of A.fatua L in vitro,and the inhibiting effect on germination of seeds was also obvious;These three strains expressed significant potential bioherbicidal activity,obviously inhibited the growth of plant,and were safe to broad bean and pea of major crops.XN-1,XN-3 and GD-13 were respectively dentified as Alternaria sp.,Epicoccum nigium and phoma exigua.【Conclusion】 These strains were expected to be selected as the potential bioherbicidal candidates for mycoherbicide to broad bean and pea.

关 键 词：野燕麦 致病性 真菌除草剂 

分 类 号：S482.49[农业科学—农药学]