玛纳斯河流域土壤斑块标度-频度分形关系初探  

Scale-Frequency Fractal Characteristics of Soil Patches in Manas River Basin

作　　者：禹朴家[1,2,3] 徐海量[1] 乔木[1] 安红燕[1,2] 刘世薇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第3期729-734,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAC17B01);新疆社科基金项目(075YB012)资助

摘　　要：分形理论在研究不规则几何图形方面优越性显著。作者运用分形理论和景观生态学原理,在讨论了玛纳斯河流域土壤类型分布格局的基础上,对土壤图斑面积与斑块形状指数的标度-频度关系进行了定量分析。主要结果是:①玛纳斯河流域土壤类型多样性指数为2.834,最大斑块指数为8.885。两种景观指数值都较大,说明虽然流域内土壤类型的丰富度较高,但其土壤斑块却由少数几种土壤类型所控制。②玛纳斯河流域土壤斑块面积与斑块形状指数标度-频度双对数回归分析的相关系数均大于95%,其相关关系显著。③玛纳斯河流域土壤斑块面积与斑块形状指数的标度-频度分形关系是客观存在的,并不受统计所选的标度影响,具有标度不变性。The superiority of fractal theory in describing the irregular geometry is very significant. The authors first investigated the spatial distribution pattern of soil types in the Manas River Basin, then quantitatively analyzed the scale-frequency characteristics of soil patch area and shape index based on the fractal theory and the landscape ecology principle. Main conclusions are as follows： （1）The diversity index of soil types is 2. 834, and the biggest patch index is 8. 885. Both indices are comparatively high, and it indicates that soil patches are dominated by a few soil types though the diversity of soil types is high in the study area. （2）The scale-frequency correlation coefficients of the patch area and the patch shape index are more than 95%, and the relationship is significant. （3）The scalerequency correlation of the soil patch area and the patch shape index in the Manas River Basin is objective, and it is not affected by the selection of scales of the soil patch area and the patch shape index.

关 键 词：土壤斑块 分形理论 标度频度关系 标度不变性 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]