西北地区小麦全蚀病菌生物学特性研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics of Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var. Tritici. from Northwestern Part of China

作　　者：袁红旭[1] 商鸿生[1] 王美楠[1] 马伏宁 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学植保系,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》1999年第3期33-36,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

摘　　要：利用从西北地区分离的２０ 个全蚀病菌（ Ｇａｅｕｍａｎｎｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｇｒａｍｉｎｉｓｖａｒ．ｔｒｉｔｉｃｉ） 菌株，对小麦全蚀病菌生物学特性及７ 种禾本科作物致病性进行了研究。结果表明，该菌能在５ ～３３ ℃、ｐＨ４．０ ～１０．０ 范围内生长。在３ ℃或３５ ℃时，所有菌株停止生长。大多数菌株在２０ ～２５ ℃、ｐＨ６．０ ～８ ．０ 条件下生长良好，当２５ ℃、ｐＨ７ ．０ 时菌落生长速度最快。对７ 种禾本科作物的致病性测定结果表明，２０ 个菌株均对小麦致病性最强，其次是高粱、糜子和水稻。一些菌株还能轻度侵染谷子、燕麦和玉米。试验结果表明，不同菌株的培养特性和致病性存在明显差异，生长较快的菌株较生长慢的菌株致病性强。The experiment was conducted to study the biological characteristics of Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici. Twenty isolates which collected from Northwestern part of China were used.The results showed the fungus grew under the condition of 5～33℃,pH 4.0～10.0.When the temperature was 3℃ or 35℃,all isolates stopped growing.The optimum growth temperature was 25℃.Most of isolates could grow better when pH value was 6.0～8.0.The optimum growth pH value was 7.0.The experiment indicated that all isolates had the highest pathogenicity on wheat,had higher pathogenicity on sorghum,broomcorn millet and rice.Some of the isolates had weak virulence on millet,oat and maize.There was evidence of variation among isolates in their cultural characteristis and pathogenicity.The higher pathogenicity isolates grew faster than lower pathogenicity isolates.Several kinds of isolates which had different biological characteristics occured in the same region.

关 键 词：小麦全蚀病 全蚀病菌 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.121.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]