大熊猫取食竹笋期间的昼夜活动节律和强度  

Circadian activity pattern of giant pandas during the bamboo growing season

作　　者：张晋东[1,2] Vanessa HULL 黄金燕[4] 周世强[4] 李仁贵[4] 刘巅[4] 黄炎[1] 李德生[4] 徐卫华[1] 张和民[4] 刘建国 欧阳志云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]绵阳师范学院,四川绵阳621000 [3]Center For Systems Integration and Sustainability,Department of Fisheries and Wildlife,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI,48823,USA [4]中国保护大熊猫研究中心,四川汶川623006

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第10期2655-2661,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901289);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(973项目,2009CB421104);美国国家航天和宇宙航行局(NASA)资助项目;美国国家科学基金资助项目;大熊猫国际合作资金项目(SD0681)

摘　　要：采用内置记录活动水平传感器的GPS项圈研究了卧龙自然保护区3只野生大熊猫春季取食竹笋期间的昼夜活动节律和强度,并分析了太阳辐射、温度因子对大熊猫活动节律与强度的影响。3只大熊猫的平均活动率为68.05%,受孕雌性大熊猫的活动率(70.86%)和活动强度(范围:0—255;水平方向/垂直方向,23.82±0.30/17.63±0.22)均比其它两只大熊猫(70.55%,14.71±0.17/13.52±0.15;62.76%,17.74±0.23/13.61±0.18)高。大熊猫有3次活动高峰,分别出现在6:00—7:00,18:00—21:00和23:00—3:00,一个明显的活动低谷,出现在9:00—12:00。大熊猫白天的活动率(68.32%)和活动强度(19.59±0.20/15.45±0.15)比夜间(67.67%,17.63±0.19/14.21±0.15)高。大熊猫的活动强度与太阳辐射之间存在显著负相关(r=-0.822,P<0.001),与空气温度之间不存在显著的相关性。Circadian activity patterns of three giant pandas were monitored using GPS collars equipped with dual-axis activity sensors during the spring umbrella bamboo growing season in Wolong Nature Reserve.We summarized activity rate（% of time active） and level（horizontal direction/ vertical direction ranging from 0 to 255） across different times of day and across individuals and compared activity level to both solar radiation and air temperature.The results showed that the mean activity rate of the pandas was 68.05%.Activity rate（70.86%） and level of the pregnant panda（23.82±0.30/ 17.63±0.22） was higher than the other two（70.55%,14.71±0.17/ 13.52±0.15 and 62.76%,17.74±0.23/ 13.61±0.18）.There were three activity peaks at 6：00—7：00,18：00—21：00 and 23：00—3：00,and a marked rest period at 9：00—12：00.Activity rate（68.32%） and level during the day（19.59±0.20/ 15.45±0.15） was higher than in the night（67.67%,17.63±0.19/ 14.21±0.15）.The effect of solar radiation was significantly negatively and linearly related to the daily activity level of the study pandas（r=-0.822,P0.001）,however,the air temperature was not linearly related to circadian activity level.

关 键 词：大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) GPS项圈 活动强度 活动节律 卧龙自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]