丰水期巢湖表层水体六六六类农药的残留与风险  

Residues and potential risks of hexachlorocyclohexanes,HCHs,in surface water from Lake Chaohu during the high-water-level period

作　　者：何伟[1] 秦宁[1] 何玘霜[1] 王雁[1] 孔祥臻[1] 欧阳慧灵[1] 徐福留[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2011年第5期919-926,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家水专项(No. 2008ZX07103-005-01);国家杰出青年基金项目(No.40725004);国家自然科学基金重点项目(No. 41030529);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(No. 20100932);国家教育部博士点专项基金项目(No. 20100001110035)~~

摘　　要：利用SPE-GC-ECD方法测定了湖泊表层水体六六六类(HCHs)农药的含量,分析了其残留特征,探讨林丹的生态与健康风险.结果表明:①丰水期巢湖表层水体中HCHs含量范围为1.58～31.66ng·L-1,平均为(2.57±2.07)ng·L-1;α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH和δ-HCH的平均含量分别为(0.42±2.28)、(1.10±2.24)、(0.77±2.08)和(0.24±0.07)ng·L-1;β-HCH所占比例最大(41%～55%),其次为γ-HCH(16%～29%).②根据SSD模型,各样点γ-HCH生态风险均很小,全部物种的生态风险为1.6×10-12～7.8×10-9;γ-HCH对所有物种、脊椎动物、无脊椎动物、鱼类、甲壳类和昆虫与蜘蛛的安全阈值分别为53.70、125.89、25.70、107.15、22.39和27.54;γ-HCH对所有物种、脊椎动物、无脊椎动物、鱼类、甲壳类和昆虫与蜘蛛类的风险概率分别为1.8×10-8、2.7×10-12、6.0×10-6、1.0×10-11、1.2×10-5和2.3×10-7.③巢湖水作为饮用或者洗浴时,HCHs致癌风险均在百万分之一以下,风险很小;非致癌风险值均远远小于1,不会对人体产生明显非致癌健康危害.The contents of hexachlorocyclohexanes（HCHs） in surface water from fifteen sampling sites in Lake Chaohu were measured by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography-electron capture detection（SPE-GC-ECD）.The HCH residues as well as potential ecological and health risks were analyzed.The results showed that：① the HCH content in surface water in Lake Chaohu during the high-water-level period varied from 1.58 to 31.66 ng · L-1 with an average of（2.57±2.07） ng · L-1.The average contents for α-HCH,β-HCH,γ-HCH and δ-HCH were（0.42±2.28）,（1.10±2.24）,（0.77±2.08）,and（0.24±0.07） ng · L-1,respectively.β-HCH was the predominant isomer with the highest percentage of 41%~55%,followed by γ-HCH with the percentage of 16%~29%.② From the species sensitivity distribution model（SSD）,the ecological risks of γ-HCH in all water sample sites were very low with ranges of 1.6×10-12~7.8×10-9.Margin of safety（MOS10） of γ-HCH for all species was 53.70.The MOS for vertebrates,invertebrates,fish,crustaceans,and insects spiders were,125.89,25.70,107.15,22.39,and 27.54,respectively.The risk probability of γ-HCH to all the species,vertebrates,invertebrates,fish,crustaceans and insects spiders were 1.8×10-8,2.7×10-12,6.0×10-6,1.0×10-11,1.2×10-5,and 2.3×10-7,respectively.③ The carcinogenic risk of HCHs was lower than 10-6,and its non-carcinogenic risk was far less than 1,indicating that it would not cause significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risks when using the lake water for drinking and bathing.

关 键 词：六六六 残留 生态风险 健康风险 巢湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]