三峡库区坡耕地植物篱模式效益评价研究  

Merits of hedgerows in slope farmlands in the Three Gorges Reservoir area

作　　者：王幸[1] 张洪江[1] 程金花[1] 黎建强[1] 吕文星[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2011年第3期692-698,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划专题(2008BAD98B01-03);国家"十一五"林业生态建设关键技术研究与示范项目(2006BAD03A1304);国家自然科学基金项目(40771042;30900866);国家林业局948项目(2006-4-26)资助

摘　　要：植物篱具有保持水土、增加土壤肥力、改善土壤物理性质等功能,且能增加农民收入、扩大就业,是一项具有生态、经济和社会效益的复合农林技术。以位于三峡库区的重庆市江津区常见6种植物篱模式(柑橘、沙梨、花椒、黄荆、桑树、紫背天葵)为对象,遵循层次分析法原理,从生态、经济和社会效益3方面建立了三峡库区坡耕地植物篱模式效益评价指标体系。应用熵值法与专家评分法相结合计算指标权重,利用熵权决策法对6种常见植物篱模式进行效益评价。结果表明:生态效益以黄荆类植物篱最好,紫背天葵类植物篱最差;经济效益以花椒类植物篱最高,黄荆类植物篱最低;社会效益以桑树类植物篱最好,紫背天葵类植物篱最差。综合效益以花椒类植物篱最高,其次是桑树、柑橘、沙梨、黄荆植物篱,紫背天葵类植物篱最差。Hedgerow is an agro-forestry technique with tremendous ecological and socio-economic functions.Its ecological benefits include soil and water conservation,which in turn enhances soil fertility and soil physical properties.Hedgerows also provide additional employment and income to farmers.This paper used analytical hierarchy process theory to establish indicator system consistent with ecological and socio-economic functions.These indicators were then used to evaluate the merits of six hedgerow patterns in slope farmlands in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.The plant species of six hedgerow patterns were Citrus reticulate,Pyrus pyrifolia,Zanthoxylum bungeanum,Vitex negundo,Morus alba and Begonia fimbristipula respectively.The entropy weight decision-making and expert grade methods were integrated to calculate synthetic weights of the indicators.This provided a more accurate assessment of hedgerow benefits in the region.The study showed that the highest and lowest ecological benefits were from V.negundo and B.fimbristipula hedgerows,respectively.Z.bungeanum hedgerow had superior economic and an overall comprehensive benefit over the other hedgerow patterns in the region.The social benefit of M.alba hedgerow was the highest among all the hedgerow patterns.

关 键 词：三峡库区 植物篱 效益评价 综合权重 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]