早产儿视网膜病的影响因素  

Risk Factors for Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants

作　　者：赵有为[1] 傅万海[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学教学医院广东省第二人民医院儿科,广州510317

出　　处：《实用儿科临床杂志》2011年第8期600-601,615,共3页Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿视网膜病(ROP)的影响因素。方法选择本院患ROP早产儿为观察组,32周以下的早产儿为对照组,对2组患儿胎龄、出生体质量、出生方式、性别、多胎、使用呼吸机时间、休克、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病(Ⅲ级以上)、严重感染、肺出血及并发症合计数等临床资料进行单因素分析,并对有意义的因素进行多因素Logistic分析。结果本资料共有早产儿358例,胎龄均小于32周。ROP 34例,其中Ⅰ期13例,Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ期3例。二组患儿窒息、呼吸暂停、新生儿寒冷损伤综合征、肺透明膜病、严重感染、肺出血等并发症的发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05),并发症合计数(OR=2.152,P=0.048)、使用呼吸机时间(OR=1.514,P=0.009)是危险因素。结论早产儿ROP的发生率和发生并发症的多少及使用呼吸机的时间长短有关。在临床工作中要更多关注并发症的情况。Objective To investigate the risk factors for development of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP） in preterm infants.Methods Neonates with the gestation age of less than 32 weeks were enrolled.Infants with ROP were assigned as ROP group,and the infants with non-ROP were control group.The clinical data were respectively studied,including the gestation age,birth weight,birth method,sex,superfoetation,mechanical ventilation time,shock,apnea,neonatal cold injury syndrome,hyaline membrane disease（no less than grade Ⅲ）,severe infection,pneumorrhagia and total numbers of complications.Risk factors for ROP were assessed by using univariate analysis and Binary Logistic regression analysis.Results Thirty-four cases of ROP were detected in 358 preterm infants with the gestation age of less than 32 weeks.There were 13 cases for grade Ⅰ,18 cases for grade Ⅱ and 3 cases for grade Ⅲ.The incidences of neonatal asphyxia,apnea,neonatal cold injury syndrome,hyaline membrane disease,severe infection,pneumorrhagia in ROP group were significantly higher than those in control group（Pa0.05）.The complication amount（OR=2.152,P=0.048） and mechanical ventilation time（OR=1.514,P=0.009） were high risk factors associated with the development of ROP.Conclusions The development of ROP is higher in the preterm infants with more complications and longer mechanical ventilation time.Clinical complications in the preterm infants must be closely observed.

关 键 词：早产儿视网膜病 并发症 吸氧时间 使用呼吸机时间 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科] R774.1[医药卫生—临床医学]