小菜蛾聚寄生蜂——菜蛾啮小蜂的个体发育特征  

Ontogenetic characteristics of Oomyzus sokolowskii(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae),an important gregarious endoparasitoid of Plutella xylostella(Lepidoptera:Plutellidae)

作　　者：王春艳[1] 白素芬[1] 晁云飞[1] 李欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2011年第2期204-209,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471168)

摘　　要：在室温（25±1）℃培养条件下,研究了小菜蛾重要聚寄生蜂——菜蛾啮小蜂Oomyzus sokolowskii（Kurdju-mov）个体发育过程的主要形态特征.该蜂的个体发育可分为胚胎期和胚后发育的幼虫、预蛹、蛹、成蜂羽化共5个时期.菜蛾啮小蜂产卵块于寄主体内,产卵后12 h胚盘形成,胚胎发育历经44~48 h,胚胎发育完成后,形成完整的消化道.初孵化的1龄幼虫,具骨化程度不强的头壳,体分13节.随虫体发育经历2次蜕皮,共有3个虫龄.末龄幼虫,体修长,两端细而钝圆,体壁光滑透明,不分节.整个幼虫期6~8 d.预蛹呈长卵形,乳白色,被末龄幼虫表皮形成的透明包膜所包裹.蛹为离蛹,复眼初时无色,以后渐变为红色至黑色.预蛹和蛹期8~9 d.雄蜂先于雌蜂羽化,从同一寄主小菜蛾蛹中羽化出的雄蜂个体明显小于雌蜂.羽化后成虫在不补充营养的情况下,发育4.5 d左右死亡.菜蛾啮小蜂从产卵到成虫羽化历经16~19 d.The ontogenetic characteristics of the gregarious endoparasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii of the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella was studied at（25±1）℃ in the laboratory.There are five stages including embryonic phase,and post-embryonic phase consisting of larval,prepupal,pupal and adult stages.The parasitoid deposited eggs in a clump into the host haemocoel.About 12 hours after oviposition,the blastoderm was formed.The parasitic eggs hatched 44~48 h after oviposition.The alimentary canal was formed at the end of embryonic phase.The larvae are of the hymenopteriform type.The newly hatched first instar larva has a weakly sclerotized head,and 13-segmented body.It underwent two moults,three larval instars were observed.The last larva is slender with both ends narrowed and slightly rounded,covered by smooth and transparent cuticle with no visible segmentation.The duration of larval stage lasted six to eight days.The prepupa is ovate to elongate in shape,it appears cream-white when viewed through the transparent last larval cuticle.The pupa is of the exarate type.Its eyes are colourless and gradually turn red,then black.The prepupal and pupal stage lasted from eight to nine days.Adult male wasps emerged before female,typically smaller than females within a brood.Without feeding,the longevity of adult was about 4.5 d.Development from egg to the emergence of adult took 16 to 19 days.

关 键 词：菜蛾啮小蜂 胚胎发育 胚后发育 形态 小菜蛾 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]