某冶炼厂周围农村居民膳食铅镉暴露水平评价  

Assessment of cadmium and lead exposure in rural residents dwelling around a metal smelter

作　　者：唐振柱[1] 刘展华[1] 司国爱 黄柯[1] 黎勇[1] 黄江平[1] 宋悦华[1] 吴祖军[1] 李裕生[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028 [2]广西省河池市金城江区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第5期529-530,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：广西科技厅立项研究项目(桂科攻0816003-1-12)

摘　　要：目的了解广西某金属冶炼厂周围农村居民膳食中铅、镉暴露情况,为预防控制铅、镉危害提供参考依据。方法在某金属冶炼厂周边村民家随机抽取自己种植的大米、蔬菜、瓜果和养殖的鸡、鸭样品检测镉、铅含量,结合当地村民膳食摄入量计算村民膳食镉、铅暴露量,并进行危险性评价。结果大米、禽肉、蔬菜镉超标率分别为100.0%(31/31)、100%(6/6)、85.7%(12/14);大米、蔬菜、内脏、瓜果铅超标率分别为100%(31/31)、100%(14/14)、60.0%(15/25)、33.3%(4/12);当地膳食高消费量人群镉、铅摄入量P90、P97.5分别为每日允许摄入量(ADI)的14.0、15.4倍和5.3、5.6倍。结论该金属冶炼厂周围村民食用农产品中铅、镉膳食暴露量已明显超过ADI,存在健康危害风险。Objective To study lead and cadmium exposure through diet among rural residents dwelling around a metal smelter and to provide scientific basis for the control of heavy metal contamination.Methods Rice,vegetable,fruit,chicken,and duck samples were randomly collected from areas around the metal smelter.The concentrations of cadmium and lead in the samples were detected and assessed.Results Based on the national criterion for contaminants in food（GB2762-2005）,the exceeding rates of cadium for the rice,poultry,and vegetable samples were 100%（31 samples）,100%（6）,and 85.7%（12/14） and those of lead for the rice,vegetable,poultry,and fruit were 100%（31）,100%（14）,60.0%（15/25）,and 33.3（4/12）,respectively.The 95.0% and 97.5% percentile intake of cadmium were 14.0 and 15.4 times higher than the amount of occeptable daily intake（ADI）,and those of lead were 5.3 and 5.6 times than the amount of ADI,among the residents.Conclusion The intakes of lead and cadmium through edible agricultural products exceed ADI among the residents dwelling around the metal smelter and there are health risks induced by cadmium and lead contamination.

关 键 词：食用农产品 镉、铅暴露 农村居民 冶炼厂 

分 类 号：R995[医药卫生—毒理学]