三硝基甲苯作业工人白内障患病调查  

Prevalence of cataract among workers exposed to trinitrotoluene

作　　者：陈于[1] 张华东[2] 付婷婷[1] 秦启忠[1] 韩令力[1] 张晓丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学教研室,重庆400016 [2]重庆市疾病预防控制中心卫生与安全监测所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2011年第5期639-641,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解三硝基甲苯(TNT)作业人员眼部的损害情况。方法对某炸药厂作业人员542人进行体检,重点检查眼部白内障患病情况,对结果进行统计学分析。结果检出TNT白内障患者90例,其中Ⅲ期患者1例,Ⅱ期17例,I期72例,总患病率为16.6%,其中男性23.46%,女性3.26%;检出观察对象343人,总检出率63.28%,其中男性75.70%,女性39.13%,患病率及检出率男性均高于女性(P<0.05);患病率随年龄、TNT暴露程度以及工龄增加而上升(P<0.05)。结论所调查炸药厂三硝基甲苯作业人员白内障患病率较高,性别、工种、年龄、工龄与TNT白内障发生密切相关。Objective To analyze the harmful effect of trinitrotoluene（TNT） on workers＇eyes.Methods Ocular examinations including optometry,type-B ultrasonic,astigmatism,and turbidity were carried out among 542 workers exposed to TNT and the results were analyzed.Results There were 90 patients diagnosed as cataract（1 patient of 3rd stage,17 of 2nd,and 72 of 1st stage） with a total prevalence rate of 16.6% and a higher prevalence of 23.46% in the male than that of in the female（3.26%,P0.05）.Totally 343 workers were classified as the subjects to be followed-up for occupational hazards with a total detection rate of 63.28% and a higher rate for the male（75.70%）than the female（39.13%）（P0.05）.The prevalence rate of cataract increased with age,TNT exposure.and working years（P0.05）.ConclusionThe prevalence rate of cataract among the workers exposed to TNT was relatively high and closely related to gender,type of work,age,and working years.

关 键 词：三硝基甲苯 职业性白内障 调查 

分 类 号：R135.92[医药卫生—劳动卫生]