盐碱土改良材料对草甸盐土理化性质与玉米生产效益的影响  

Effect of Improvement Materials on Meadow Saline Soil Properties and Corn Productive Benefits

作　　者：闫治斌 秦嘉海[2] 王爱勤[3] 赵芸晨[2] 肖占文[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃敦煌种业玉门市种子公司,甘肃酒泉735000 [2]河西学院,甘肃张掖734000 [3]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,甘肃兰州731000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第2期122-127,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃科技支甘项目"甘肃河西灌区制种玉米多功能复混肥产品的生产与示范"(1011JKCF180)

摘　　要：选取河西走廊的草甸盐土区域,进行了盐碱土改良材料对草甸盐土理化性质和玉米产量及经济效益的影响研究。结果表明,复合型盐碱土改良材料因素间最佳组合为:A2B3C3D1E2(硫酸铝800g,硫磺900g,石膏4 500g,糠醛渣800g,聚乙稀二醇60g)。盐碱土改良材料施用量与草甸盐土总孔隙度、团粒结构、自然含水量、脱盐率呈正相关,与容重、pH值、EC和全盐含量呈负相关。盐碱土改良材料由0.61t/hm2,增加到1.22和1.85t/hm2,玉米幼苗生长发育、玉米的植物学性状随着改良材料施用量的增大呈上升趋势。盐碱土改良材料施用量由0.61t/hm2,增加到1.22和1.85t/hm2时,玉米经济性状和产量随着盐碱土改良材料施用量的增加而增加。当盐碱土改良材料用量超过1.85t/hm2时,玉米经济性状和产量随着盐碱土改良材料施用量的增加而降低。盐碱土改良材料施用量为1.85t/hm2时,边际产值、边际利润、增产值、利润、产投比达到最大值。盐碱土改良材料适宜用量为1.83t/hm2时,玉米的预测产量为6.29t/hm2,计算结果与田间试验处理4结果相吻合。A number of saline soil improvement materials were tested in meadow saline soils of the Hexi Corridor in terms of soil physiochemical properties,corn yield and economic effects.The results show that composite A2B3C3D1E2（aluminum sulfate 800 g,sulfur 900 g,gypsum 4 500 g,furfural residue 800 g,and polyethylene glycol 60 g） is the best saline-alkali soil improvement materials with consideration of all factors.The application amount of each improvement material was positively correlated with total porosity,aggregate composition,natural water storage,and the desalting rate,and was negatively correlated bulk density,pH,EC,and total salt content.With the application rates of 0.61,1.22,1.85 t/hm2,the seedling growth,botanical characteristics and yield of corn were improved correspondingly.With application rates greater than 1.85 t/hm2,the efficiency of saline improvement materials decreased.The marginal production value,marginal profit,production increase,profit,and the ratio of profit to input reached the maximum values with the application rate of 1.85 t/hm2.Saline soil improvement material suitable dosage of 1.83 t/hm2,the corn yield forecast 6.29 t/hm2,and field trial results was consistent with the 4th treatment.

关 键 词：土壤改良材料 草甸盐土 土壤理化性质 玉米 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]