自生动态生物膜形成过程中的结构变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Structure of Self-forming Dynamic Membrane during Its Formation

作　　者：熊江磊[1] 傅大放[1] 段文松[1] 杜二虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学市政工程系,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第9期33-36,共4页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：利用动态膜生物反应器处理模拟生活污水,对自生动态膜形成过程中的结构特征及阻力特性进行了研究。结果表明,反应器启动10 min后出水浊度即小于5 NTU,后期的出水浊度始终保持在2 NTU以下。自生动态膜的形成可分为3个阶段:①镶嵌快滤阶段——污泥絮体镶嵌于无纺布纤维丝之间,平均当量孔径为数十微米,膜阻力为(0.395～0.88)×109 m-1,出水中仍有较多颗粒;②网状覆盖阶段——滤饼层表面呈网状分布,膜孔径在2.78～6.49μm之间,孔隙率高达36.1%～40.2%,阻力为(2.74～3.77)×109 m-1,出水水质较好,微生物增殖和小颗粒堵塞为孔径缩小的主要原因;③膜孔堵塞阶段——平均当量孔径缩小至0.97μm,孔隙率降为21.7%,阻力突增至2.26×1010 m-1,微生物增殖和小颗粒堵塞仍是导致其孔径缩小的主要原因。The dynamic membrane bioreactor （DMBR） was used to treat synthetic municipal wastcwater, and the variation characteristics of structure and resistance of self-forming dynamic membrane during its formation were investigated. The results show that the effluent turbidity is less than 5 NTU after 10 min of the reactor start-up, and later it remains at less than 2 NTU. The formation of self-forming dynamic membrane is divided into three stages： the embedment and fast filtration stage, the reticulated cov- ering stage and the pore blocking stage sludge. In the first stage, the sludge flocs are embedded between non-woven fabric fibres, the equivalent pore size is several tens microns, the resistance is （0. 395 - 0.88） ×10^9m^-1, and many particles exist in the effluent. In the second stage, the surface of the cake layer is reticulated, the equivalent pore size is between 2.78 to 6.49 μm, the porosity is up to 36.1% to 40.2% , the resistance is （2.74 -3.77） ×10^9m^-1, and the effluent quality is excellent. The proliferation of microorganisms and small particle blocking are mainly responsible for pore size reduction. In the third stage, the equivalent pore size is reduced to 0.97 μm and the porosity is reduced to 21.7% , which causes the resistance to be increased to 2.26 ×10^9m^-1 The main reasons for pore size reduction are still the proliferation of microorganisms and small particle blocking.

关 键 词：自生动态膜 动态膜结构 膜阻力 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]