2009年兰州、鞍山、吉林市高危人群对艾滋病自愿咨询检测需求分析  

Analysis on Needs for Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing among High Risk Populations in Lanzhou,Anshan and Jilin City,2009

作　　者：刘波[1] 张萍[2] 叶少东[3] 李莹[4] 赵丽[5] 蔡勇[6] 萧燕[3] 马伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206 [4]兰州市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730030 [5]鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁鞍山114002 [6]吉林市疾病预防控制中心,吉林吉林132001

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2011年第5期388-390,393,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：2008年第五轮中国全球基金艾滋病项目应用性研究项目资助(编号:CHN-506-G06-H)

摘　　要：[目的]了解艾滋病高危人群女性性工作者(FSW)、男男性行为者(MSM)、流动人口对艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)服务的需求状况,为国家及有关艾滋病防治项目做好VCT服务提供依据。[方法]2009年6～7月,在兰州市、鞍山市、吉林市抽取部分FSW、MSM、流动人口进行问卷调查,同时对部分求询者在接受VCT服务后进行调查。[结果]调查高危人群332人,对于VCT的地点,76.81%选择在疾病预防控制中心,74.70%选择无人认识的地方。对VCT服务的时间,33.43%选择在工作日,42.47%无所谓;40.96%的人选择白天,43.07%的人无所谓。69.28%认为做艾滋病检测最重要的事情是保密。得到VCT检测结果方式,49.70%选择自己去问,27.71%选择电话通知。接受VCT的前3位障碍是"怕认识的人看到"、"别人会以为自己是艾滋病病人"、"怕如果是阳性受到歧视",分别占28.01%、28.01%、27.71%;接受VCT的前3位促进因素是"加强保密工作"、"消除对艾滋病的歧视"、"提高艾滋病知识水平",分别占43.07%、32.23%、25.60%。调查求询者83人,表示对咨询员服务质量、咨询员的知识和能力、咨询员的保密性非常满意的分别占89.16%、87.95%、87.95%。[结论]疾病预防控制中心是高危人群接受VCT服务的首选地点,做好保密是吸引高危人群接受VCT服务的前提,求询者对当前VCT服务的满意度较高。[Objective]To explore needs of voluntary HIV counseling and testing（VCT） among high risk populations,including female sex workers（FSW）,men who have sex with men（MSM）,and migrant workers,so as to provide basis for VCT service by government and the program.[Methods]A cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July,2009.FSW,MSM and migrant workers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire.And VCT clients were also interviewed before leaving clinics.[Results]Totally 332 persons with high risk were interviewed.For location of VCT serv-ices,76.81% would take HIV testing in CDC,74.70% would take HIV testing in a place where nobody knew him（her）.For time of VCT services,33.43% preferred to take VCT in weekdays,42.47% did not care about it;40.96% would like to take VCT during daytime,whereas 43.07% thought it did not matter.The most important thing that high risk populations were concerned with was confidentiality（69.28%）.Regarding way of getting test results,49.70% would ask by themselves and 27.71% wanted to be informed by phone.＇Fearing of being seen by acquaintance＇（28.01%）,＇Fearing of being labeled as AIDS patients＇（28.01%）,＇Fearing of being discriminated if HIV positive＇（27.71%）were top three barriers toward VCT.＇Confidential VCT＇（43.07%）,＇Less discrimination on AIDS＇（32.23%）,＇Improving the knowledge level of HIV＇（25.60%） were top three facilitators of VCT.Of 83 VCT clients,89.16%,87.95%,and 87.95% were very satisfied with counselors＇ service quality,knowledge and competence,and confidentiality,respectively.[Conclusion]CDC is the most favorable place for high risk population to take VCT services.It is very important to keep confidential when providing VCT service.VCT clients are satisfied with current VCT services.

关 键 词：艾滋病 自愿咨询检测 高危人群 需求 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]