湖沼型血吸虫病流行区林业血防工程控制钉螺效果  

Effect of project of afforestation for schistosomiasis prevention on snail control in marshland and lake regions

作　　者：黄勇[1] 张世清[2] 何家昶[2] 操治国[2] 汪天平[2] 高风华[2] 张功华[2] 吕大兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院病原生物学教研室,芜湖241000 [2]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2011年第2期138-144,共7页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAI78B06)

摘　　要：目的评价安徽省湖沼型血吸虫病流行区林业血防工程控制钉螺的效果。方法以环境为单元,现场调查湖沼型地区各环境林业血防工程现状。2009年春季,采用系统抽样方法,调查各环境单元钉螺分布情况,建立各环境林业血防工程及钉螺分布数据库,分析林业血防工程对钉螺分布的影响。结果造林滩地活螺框出现率为14.9%,未造林滩地活螺框出现率为19.7%,两者差异有统计学意义(2χ=2 267,P<0.01);林农模式的活螺框出现率低于其他模式。造林滩地和未造林滩地活螺平均密度分别为0.552只/0.1 m2和0.989只/0.1 m2,造林滩地比未造林滩地低44.2%;抚育组和未抚育组的活螺平均密度分别为0.354只/0.1 m2和0.653只/0.1 m2,抚育组的钉螺密度比未抚育组低45.8%。长期造林环境的钉螺密度、活螺框出现率均为最低。结论安徽省湖沼型血吸虫病流行区林业血防工程具有较好的控制钉螺效果,长期造林能够保持较为稳定的抑螺效应。Objective To evaluate the effect of the project of afforestation for schistosomiasis prevention on Oncomelania hupensis control.Methods The situation of afforestation for schistosomiasis prevention in the field and the snail distribution in marshland regions were surveyed with the systematic sampling method in the spring,2009.The database of snail distribution was established and the status of afforestation was investigated,and the effect of the project on snail control was evaluated.Results The rates of frames with living snails in the environment with plantations and the environment without a plantation were 14.9% and 19.7%,respectively,and there was a significant difference（χ2=2 267,P0.01）.The rate of frames with living snails in agro-forestry model was lower than that in other models except for fishery-husbandry-forestry model.The average densities of living snails in the environment with plantations and the environment without a plantation were 0.552 snails/0.1 m2 and 0.989 snails/0.1 m2,respectively.The average densities of living snails in the cultivating group and un-cultivating group were 0.354 snails/0.1 m2 and 0.653 snails/0.1 m2,respectively.The rate of frames with living snails and the average density of living snails were the lowest in the environment of long-term afforestation.Conclusions The project of afforestation for schistosomiasis prevention has a good effect on snail control in Anhui Province.Long-term afforestation could stably maintain the effect on snail control.

关 键 词：钉螺 血吸虫病 林业工程 湖沼型地区 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]