高压天然气降压过程中冷能的计算方法研究  

Study on Calculation Method of Cold Energy in High Pressure Natural Gas Depressurization

作　　者：李静静[1] 彭世尼[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,重庆400045

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2011年第2期4-7,9,共4页Natural Gas and Oil

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50908244)

摘　　要：为了节省天然气输送过程中的管线投资,一般长距离输气管线的天然气输送压力都很高。但高压天然气在进入城市燃气输配管网前,需要进行降压处理,降压过程中的压力损失,实际上是能量损失,这一过程会导致天然气的温度显著下降,产生大量高品质的冷能。通过对采用透平膨胀机进行降压的过程建立数学分析模型,论述了通过膨胀进行降压时高压天然气产生的冷能计算方法,对不同降压梯度的冷能进行了评估。同时,对经透平膨胀机膨胀降压后天然气的温度计算方法也进行了分析和改进,为充分利用天然气降压过程产生的冷能提供了量的基础。Generally speaking,pressure of long-distance gas pipeline is enhanced in order to reduce pipeline construction investment.However,it is necessary to depressurize high pressure gas before it goes into city gas transmission and distribution system.Pressure loss will occur during depressurization process,which is actually gas energy loss,and this process will result in significant gas temperature drop and produce a large number of high-quality cold energy.Established is a mathematical exergy analysis model by adopting turbo-expander to reduce the pressure and introduced is the calculation method of cold energy produced in depressurization through expansion and evaluated are different depressurization gradients.Analyzed and improved is the calculation method of gas temperature after depressurization through expansion,which provides a quantity basis for taking full advantage of cold energy.

关 键 词：高压天然气 冷能 分析 热力学计算 焓熵图 

分 类 号：TE89[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]