大客车侧翻耐撞性的结构设计方法  

Structural design method for rollover crashworthiness of large bus

作　　者：余跃[1] 周鸿波[2,3] 童水光[4] 陈新弟 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化工机械研究所,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江大学动力机械及车辆工程研究所,浙江杭州310027 [3]青年汽车集团,浙江金华321016 [4]浙江大学热工与动力系统研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2011年第4期714-718,共5页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项资助项目(2006C11149)

摘　　要：为了提高仿真结果的准确性,降低产品研发成本和缩短设计周期,提出动态仿真技术与试验相结合的大客车侧翻耐撞性结构设计方法.以某型大客车为例,建立原始车型的侧翻碰撞有限元模型,按照欧盟ECE R66法规对该车进行动态仿真分析;对原有车型进行侧翻试验,根据试验结果对侧翻碰撞仿真模型进行对标.仿真与试验结果表明:在侧翻碰撞过程中,车体变形过大,侵入了乘客生存空间,车身局部结构出现凹陷现象.对车身侧墙和车顶等部位作了多次结构改进,通过仿真分析来确定改进结构的侧翻耐撞性能,改进车顺利通过了ECE R66侧翻试验认证.A structural design method for rollover crashworthiness of large bus was proposed in order to improve the accuracy of simulation results, reduce product development costs and shorten the design cycle. The method combined dynamic simulation technique and experiment. The finite element model for rollover of original structure was conducted taking certain large bus as an example. The process of a rollover crash was simulated according to ECE R66, and the finite element model was corrected by the real bus rollover test. Simulation results showed that the body structure had large deformation and intruded into the survival space during the collision process. Depressions and fractures of local frame structure were found. Several structure improvements on side walls and roof were conducted. The rollover crashworthiness of improved body structure was determined by simulation. The improved bus successfully passed the ECE R66 rollover test certification.

关 键 词：汽车工程 大客车侧翻耐撞性 动态仿真 侧翻试验 ECE R66 

分 类 号：U463.822[机械工程—车辆工程]