罂粟种子及其混淆品的生药学鉴定  

Pharmacognostic appraisal of semens of Papaver Somniferum L. and its mixed breeds

作　　者：崔顺植[1] 刘玉华 金永日 刘永镇[1] 

机构地区：[1]延边大学药学院中草药学教研室,吉林延吉133000 [2]延边大学医学院卫生所,吉林延吉133000

出　　处：《延边大学医学学报》1999年第3期181-183,共3页Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University

摘　　要：［ 目的］ 鉴别罂粟种子及其混淆品．［ 方法］ 利用生药鉴定的外形、形状大小、颜色、表面结构等，性状鉴定法粉末显微鉴定及种子的醇提物生物鉴定．［ 结果］ 种子呈肾形，表面淡黄色，表面有纹饰，大小（０－７８８５ ～１－１４９５）ｍ ｍ ×（０－５８９０ ～０－９９７５）ｍ ｍ ，味甘平，理化鉴定有生物碱试剂反应阳性者为罂粟种子，而呈圆形或卵圆形，表面深黄色或红棕色，表面纹饰近五边形或六边形，网格较大，大小为（１－３２６０ ～１－６６４０）ｍ ｍ ×（１－１８３０ ～１－５３４０）ｍ ｍ ，味苦后辛辣，生物碱沉淀试剂反应阴性者为白芥种子，是伪品．［ 结论］ 正品罂粟种子较小，混淆品为白芥子种子．OBJECTIVE To appraise the semens of Papaver Somniferum L. and its mixed breeds. METHODS According to the methods of pharmacognostic appraisal, the shapes, sizes, colors, surface structures of the seeds were investigated and the microscopic appraisal of the powder and the biological tests of alcohol extracts of the seeds were also proceeded. RESULTS The seeds which assume the shapes of kidney,light yellow,veined , sizes of (0.7885～1.1495)mm×(0 5890～0 9975)mm,sweet and insipid taste, positive reactions to alkaloid test reagents were identified as the seeds of Papaver Somniferum L. ; and the seeds which present the shapes of ellipse, deep yellow or red brown, the veins close to pentagon or hexagon,a little large mesh, the sizes of (1 3260～1 6640)mm×(1 1830～1 5300)mm, bitter and astringent taste, negative reactions to alkaloid precipitating agents were proved as the semen sinapis, and they were false product.CONCLUSIONS Certified products are the semens of Papaver Somniferum L., and its mixtures were semen sinapis.

关 键 词：罂粟属 药用植物 药品污染 生药学 鉴定 

分 类 号：R282.710.3[医药卫生—中药学]