基于声学深拖调查的海山微地形地貌研究--以马尔库斯-威克海岭一带的海山为例  

Research of seamount micro-topography based on acoustic deep-tow system investigation:A case from the Marcus-Wake Ridge area

作　　者：徐建[1] 郑玉龙[1] 包更生[1] 吴学文[1] 张恺[1] 金肖兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学研究》2011年第1期17-24,共8页Journal of Marine Sciences

基　　金：中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会资助项目(DYXM-115-01-1-04);国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(JG200804)

摘　　要：利用"大洋一号"科学考察船DY115-21航次第1航段采集于西太平洋马尔库斯-威克海岭一带海山的声学深拖数据资料,借助GeoDas和PDS 2000等软件,对获取的侧扫声呐、浅剖以及多波束数据资料进行了后处理,获得了该海区高分辨率的地形地貌特征,并结合深海摄像资料,探讨了其海底特征地貌的成因。结果表明:根据水深及其所处海山的位置,可将研究区划分为斜坡和山顶2个区段,其中斜坡段前半部分的地形基本无起伏,后半部分的地形变化相对较大,并发育了2个近圆形的平底坑;山顶段的地形相对平缓,在高差变化相对较大的地方,发育了台状凸起和小尺度陡坎2种地貌类型。斜坡段发育的圆形平底坑可能是残存的古火山口;山顶段台状凸起和小尺度陡坎则可能是由侵蚀和沉降作用共同影响的结果,各平坦区段间的海底声强反射信号差别较大,表明其底质类型较复杂,结合海底摄像和浅钻资料分析可知,底质中发育有表层沉积物、富钴结壳和基岩等。Investigation of seabed micro-topography with the acoustic deep-tow system in a seamount of the Marcus-Wake ridge area was carried out successfully for the first time in China during the DY115-21 cruise of 2009.In this paper,the composition and working principle of deep-tow system are introduced,and post-processing of the synchronous survey data of multi-beam and side scan sonar is illuminated.In addition,the micro-topography of the survey area is analyzed and the caution is discussed selectively.According to depth and location on the seamount,the topography can be divided into two parts： slope and peak.There are different micro-topographies formed,such as pits with flat bottom on the slope and platform bulges and scarps within the peak.The pits may be a remnant ancient crater;the bulges and scarps may be formed by the erosion and subsidence.The reflected signal of submarine sound intensity vary greatly between the flat sections,it indicates that different seabed types appear in the area.To utilize the data of shallow drilling and deep-tow camera,we can distinguish the seabed types of the flat sections into sediments,cobalt-rich crusts and bedrocks.Overall,the micro-topography controls the enrichment of cobalt-rich crusts to some extent.

关 键 词：声学深拖系统 微地形地貌 台状凸起 陡坎 富钴结壳 

分 类 号：P714.8[天文地球—海洋科学] P737.2