大穗多花种质B46的选育及细胞遗传学鉴定  

Breeding and Cytogenetic Identification of A Large-spike and Fertile Florets Germplasm

作　　者：张文涛[1] 陈新宏[1] 赵继新[1] 武军[1] 刘淑会[1] 杜万里[1] 刘芳军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第3期451-455,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(Z109021002);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金(A212020716);陕西省重大科技攻关"13115"专项(2007ZDKG-01)

摘　　要：利用普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)7182与华山新麦草(Psathyrostachys huashanica)杂交、回交和自交,经多代选育出能够稳定遗传的大穗多花种质B46.对B46进行形态学观察及其细胞学检测与GISH鉴定.结果表明,B46形态学特征表现大穗多花特性,穗长12 cm左右,小穗达23个,小穗粒数平均6个;其根尖细胞染色体计数为2n=44;根尖原位杂交(GISH)及减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体的基因组原位杂交(GISH)显示,B46附加1对来自于华山新麦草的同源染色体.由此可以确定B46为小麦-华山新麦草的二体异附加系,其综合农艺性状优于小麦亲本7182,可作为培育高产小麦品种的优良种质材料.Exploration on the genetic material of large-spike and fertile florets wheat germplasm B46,which is obtained by selection the offspring of hybridizing,back-crossing and self-crossing between Triticum aestivum L.cv.7182 and Psathyrostachys huashanica.Methods which combined morphological observation,cytological analysis and genomic in situ hybridization（GISH） analysis are adopted.The result shows that B46 is a large-spike and fertile florets wheat with 12 cm ear length,23 spikelets per spike and 6 florets per spikelet.There are 44 chromosomes in the root tip cell of B46.The GISH analyses show that B46 contains a pair of homologous P.huashanica chromosomes.Therefore,B46 is a wheat-P.huashanica disomic addition line,and comprehensive agronomy traits exceed 7182.This germplasm can be utilized as good resource for cultivating high yield wheat varieties.

关 键 词：华山新麦草 异附加系 大穗多花 普通小麦 

分 类 号：Q343.24[生物学—遗传学]